餐厨堆肥配制基质中添加不同芽孢杆菌对黄瓜育苗效果的影响

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中文摘要：为探索不同芽孢杆菌添加至餐厨堆肥配制的基质中对黄瓜育苗效果的影响，试验采用室内穴盘育苗方式，设置该基质中浇灌清水(CK)和枯草芽孢杆菌(T1)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(T2)和贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(T3)发酵液共 4 个处理，研究其对黄瓜幼苗生长、育苗后基质的化学性质和镰刀菌属微生物含量的影响。结果表明，三种芽孢杆菌均有较好的促生效果，其中，枯草芽孢杆菌和贝莱斯芽孢杆菌处理在幼苗叶绿素含量、叶面积、地上部鲜重和地上部干重这 4 项指标上表现最佳，但三种芽孢杆菌对地下部性状尤其是根长并未表现出明显的促进效果。壮苗指数和隶属函数法的综合评价显示，枯草芽孢杆菌和贝莱斯芽孢杆菌处理的壮苗指数相对较高，贝莱斯芽孢杆菌处理的平均隶属度最大，说明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对黄瓜幼苗的促生效果最佳。三种芽孢杆菌对基质pH值并未产生较大影响，但明显提升基质的EC值，同时没有引起基质中Na+和Cl-含量出现明显下降。在育苗后基质养分含量方面，三种芽孢杆菌处理相对于CK显著增加其碱解氮和速效钾含量;有效磷含量方面，贝莱斯芽孢杆菌处理显著低于其余处理;解淀粉芽孢杆菌处理的有机质含量显著低于其余处理。添加三种芽孢杆菌的餐厨堆肥配制基质栽植黄瓜幼苗具有明显的防病效果，基质中的镰刀菌属微生物含量显著降低，其中贝莱斯芽孢杆菌呈现的效果最佳。建议在本研究结果基础上进一步开展研究以解决餐厨堆肥中盐分离子在基质或土壤中残留的问题。

外文标题：Effects of Different Bacillus Species in Substrates Prepared with Kitchen Waste Compost on Culture of Cucumber Seedlings

外文摘要：To explore the effects of substrates prepared with kitchen waste compost fermented by different species of Bacillus on culture of cucumber seedlings,the fermentation solutions with Bacillus subtilis(T1),B.amyloliquefaciens(T2)and B.velezensis(T3)were watering into the seedling substrates in indoor cavity trays,with water only as control(CK).And then three aspects including growth of cucumber seedlings,chemical properties of the substrates after seedling development and number of pathogenic bacteria were inves-tigated.The results showed that all the three Bacillus species performed well in growth promoting,among which,B.subtilis and B.velezensis were the best in improving chlorophyll content,leaf area,above-ground fresh weight and above-ground dry weight;but they had no significant promotion effect on the the traits of un-derground part especially root length.Comprehensive evaluation with the strength index of seedlings and by membership function method showed that higher strength index of seedlings was obtained when treated with B.subtilis and B.velezensis,and the highest average degree of membership appeared in B.velezensis group,indi-cating the best growth promoting effects of B.velezensis on cucumber seedlings.No obvious effect on pH of the substrates was detected among the three Bacillus species,but the EC of the substrates raised significantly.At the same time,no significant decrease in the Na+and Cl-contents were caused in the substrates treated with the three Bacillus species.In terms of nutrient contents of the seedling substrates,the contents of alkaline dis-solved N and fast-acting K increased significantly under the three Bacillus treatments compared to CK,and the contents of effective phosphorus and organic matter were significantly lower under B.velezensis and B.amyloliq-uefaciens treatments,respectively,compared with the other treatments.All the three species of Bacillus showed significant growth-promoting and disease-preventing effects on cucumber seedlings in the substrates prepared with kitchen waste compost,and B.velezensis showed the best.It was recommended that further research should be carried out to solve the problem of salt ions in kitchen waste compost remaining in the substrates or soil.

外文关键词：

Bacillus spp.Kitchen waste compostSeedling substrateStrength index of seedlingCu-cumber

作者：

李英、王文婷、陈润泽、卢江、刘铮、刘欣宇

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作者单位：

中国农业大学有机循环研究院(苏州),江苏苏州 215100

中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京 100083

中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京 100083

安徽农业大学马克思主义学院,安徽合肥 230036

辽宁省农业科学院,辽宁沈阳 110161

江苏昆山果蔬科技小院,江苏昆山 215300

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关键词：

芽孢杆菌餐厨堆肥育苗基质壮苗指数黄瓜

基金：

国家自然科学基金面上项目城乡和住房建设部科技示范项目江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项安徽省重大科技专项辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目辽宁省科学事业公益研究基金(软科学研究)计划项目苏州市农业科技创新项目苏州市科技计划项目

项目编号：

32071552S20220395BM2022006202003a06020003L21CJY0162022JH4/10100050SNG2021012SS202001

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2024.02.010

山东农业科学

山东省农业科学院,山东农学会,山东农业大学

山东农业科学

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.578

ISSN：1001-4942

年,卷(期)：2024.56(2)

参考文献量22