Effects of Selenium on Growth,Quality and DNA Methylation of Ganoderma leucocontextum from Yunnan
A field soil-covering cultivation experiment was conducted with six senium(Se)treatments(0,50,100,200,300,400 μg/g),which were designated as CK,Se50,Se100,Se200,Se300 and Se400,to study the effects of exogenous Se on growth and development,heavy metal accumulation,contents of bioactive components and DNA methylation characteristics of Yunnan Ganoderma leucocontextum.The re-sults showed that compared with CK,exogenous Se had no significant impacts on length of fruiting body stalk and size of mushroom cap(both horizontal and vertical diameters),but decreased the thickness of mushroom cap significantly.With the increase of Se application level,the growth rate of mycelium and the Se content in fruiting bodies increased initially and then decreased,while the biomass showed a trend of initial decreasing,subsequent increasing,and then decreasing again.The content of heavy metals(As,Cd,Pb,Hg)in fruiting bodies continuously decreased with the increase of Se concentration.Linear analysis results also indicated that heavy metal content was significantly negatively correlated with Se application concentration.The application of Se increased the contents of polysaccharides,crude protein,flavonoids and total amino acids in fruiting bodies,among which,the polysaccharide and flavonoid contents reached the highest level in the Se400 treat-ment,whereas the highest contents of total amino acids and crude protein were found in the Se200 and Se300 treatments,respectively.HPLC analysis results showed that compared with CK,Se300 increased the content of triterpenoid acid components such as ganoderic acid A,ganoderic acid DM,ganoderic acid F and ganoder-manontriol,and the total content of triterpenoid acids increased by 2.93% to 25.54% compared with the other treatments.The methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism(MSAP)analysis showed that Se300 had more unmethylated sites and lower methylation ratios compared to CK and Se400.In summary,the application of exogenous Se promoted the mycelial growth at early time,increased the biomass accumulation in fruiting bodies,improved heavy metal safety performance and quality of bioactive components,and altered the DNA methylation ratio.The overall effect was the best at the Se application concentration of 300 μg/g with the yield significantly increased by 11.36% compared with the control treatment.
Ganoderma leucocontextumSeleniumAgronomic characteristicsHeavy metal contentQualityDNA methylation
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