一种为害天麻的平颜蚜蝇越冬前后形态特征和羽化节律观测
Morphological Characteristics and Eclosion Rhythm Before and After Overwintering of a Species of Eumerus sp.Harming Gastrodia elata Blume
王桂萍 1刘海港 2王光召 3郭文秀 1宋莹莹 1李霞 1贾琪渊 4张凯 5门兴元 1李丽莉 1刘大会 6于毅1
作者信息
- 1. 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东 济南 250100
- 2. 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东 济南 250100;河南科技学院,河南 新乡 453003
- 3. 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东 济南 250100;烟台大学生命科学学院,山东 烟台 264005
- 4. 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东 济南 250100;山东农业工程学院农业科技学院,山东 济南 251100
- 5. 山东农业工程学院农业科技学院,山东 济南 251100
- 6. 湖北中医药大学药学院,湖北 武汉 430065
- 折叠
摘要
平颜蚜蝇为害天麻球茎,引起天麻腐烂,极大降低其商品价值.本研究从形态特征、羽化过程和羽化节律等方面对一种为害天麻的平颜蚜蝇越冬前后的发育进行比较,以期了解其习性.结果显示,越冬前后平颜蚜蝇的发育经历老熟幼虫、预蛹、浮蛹、沉蛹和成虫 5 个阶段,形态特征变化明显;成虫羽化分为展翅前、展翅中和展翅后 3 个阶段,时间持续 60～120 min,羽化雌、雄比约为 2∶3;52.78%的成虫在 23∶00 至次日 5∶00区间羽化.田间观测发现,平颜蚜蝇以预蛹在为害部位土层中越冬,春季气温回暖后爬到地表寻找隐蔽处化蛹,4 月中上旬羽化.建议在春季气温回暖时对平颜蚜蝇进行田间防治.
Abstract
Eumerus sp.harms the bulb and causes rot,which greatly reduced the value of Gastrodia elata Blume products.In this paper,the morphological characteristics,eclosion process and eclosion rhythm of a species of Eumerus sp.before and after overwintering were compared,so as to know about its habits.The results showed that there were five stages of mature larva,pre-pupa,floating pupa,settling pupa and adult of Eumerus sp.before and after overwintering,and their morphological characteristics changed significantly.Adult eclosion could be divided into three stages as before,during and after wing spreading,and lasted 60～120 minutes with the ratio of female to male as about 2∶3;52.78% of the adults emerged between 23∶00 and 5∶00 of the next day.Field observation showed that the pre-pupa of Eumerus sp.wintered in the soil layer of damaged part,climbed to the surface after warming in spring to find a hiding place to pupate,and emerged in early and middle April.It was suggested that field control should be carried out when getting warm in spring.
关键词
平颜蚜蝇/形态/羽化/性比/节律/田间防治Key words
Eumerus sp./Morphology/Eclosion/Sex ratio/Rhythm/Field control引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家中药材产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据