Coupling Effects of Water and Fertilizer on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Tomato
In order to improve the water use efficiency and high-efficiency cultivation of greenhouse to-mato in southern Xinjiang,and to improve the utilization rate of vermiculite from Xinjiang,the vermiculite was mixed with yellow sand and mushroom residue,and the coupling effects of water and fertilizer on greenhouse tomato growth were studied under the cultivation mode of vermiculite-based composite substrate.The'Win-Win Pioneer'tomato was used as material,and the irrigation amount and application rates of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)were chosen as experimental factors.Based on half of the four-factor and five-level quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design,18 treatments were set for the experiment.Among which,irrigation amounts were set as 66.0%,70.8%,78.0%,85.2%and 90.0%of field moisture capacity of the substrate.The main effect of each factor,single factor effect and coupling effect of two factors were ana-lyzed.The results were as follows.① After comprehensive evaluation,W18 was the best treatment,that is,under irrigation amount at 78.0%of field moisture capacity and N,P2 O5 and K2 O rates at 340,185 and 310 kg/hm2 respectively,the growth and water use efficiency of tomato was the best,so it was beneficial to in-creasing yield.Irrigation amount played a decisive role in water use efficiency,and had a positive coupling effect with nitrogen rate.Under the same irrigation amount,water use efficiency could be improved by increas-ing N rate suitably,however,too much N application was not conducive to the improvement of water use effi-ciency.② Irrigation amount,and N and P rates had significant positive effects on tomato growth,while K rate had no significant effect.The main effect of each factor on tomato growth were sequenced as irrigation amount>N rate>P rate>K rate.③ The single factor effect analysis results showed that every plant growth index in-creased first and then decreased with the increase of water and fertilizer amounts,showing a parabolic trend.Both too high and too low water and fertilizer amounts inhibited tomato growth.④The coupling effect analysis results showed that water-N coupling,water-P coupling and nitrogen-K coupling had positive effects on tomato growth,and the water-N coupling performed the best.
Greenhouse tomatoWater-fertilizer coupling effectGrowthWater use efficiency
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