Effects of Cultivation and Fertilization Modes on Dry Matter Accumulation,Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Summer Maize
In order to solve the problems of thin plough layer,thick plough bottom layer,single applica-tion of slow-release fertilizer and insufficient nitrogen supply at early growth stage in medium-and low-yield in summer maize fields,this experiment was conducted using maize variety Lianchuang 839 as material.Six treat-ments were set under the nitrogen(N)application rate of 240 kg/hm2,which were no-tillage single-layer(phosphorus and potassium,PK)fertilization(no N,SPK),no-tillage single-layer slow-release NPK fertili-zation(SNPK),no-tillage single-layer mixed NPK fertilization(SNMPK),subsoiling layered PK fertilization(no N,DPK),subsoiling slow-release NPK fertilization(DNPK)and subsoiling layered NPK fertilization(DNLPK),and all fertilizers were used by one-off basal application.The effects of different tillage and fertili-zation treatments on dry matter accumulation,yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize were studied.The results showed that different tillage and fertilization treatments had significant effects on dry matter accu-mulation and yield of maize at maturity stage with the highest value in treatment DNLPK,which increased sig-nificantly by 8.8％and 5.7％,9.5％and 5.4％,and 13.0％and 12.0％,respectively,compared with the treatments of DNPK,SNMPK and SNPK.Different treatments had significant effects on amount and rate of dry matter transport in leaves and stems,which were higher in no-nitrogen treatments,and the highest in DPK treatment that were 511.00 kg/hm2 and 7.99 percentage points higher than those in treatment DNLPK.Differ-ent treatments had significant effects on contribution rate of dry matter before flowering to grain,which were higher in no-nitrogen treatments,and the highest in SPK treatment that was 11.17 percentage points higher than that in treatment DNLPK.Different treatments had significant effects on plant nitrogen accumulation and apparent nitrogen use efficiency,among which,the treatment DNLPK had the highest values,which increased by 1.9％,3.9％and 5.4％,and 4.9％,7.1％and 11.0％,respectively,compared with the treatments of DN-PK,SNMPK and SNPK,and all reached significant level.Above all,the subsoiling layered fertilization tech-nology could not only meet the nutrient needs of maize in medium-and low-yield fields,but also improve the nitrogen use efficiency and yield.This conclusion could provide data supports and theoretical bases for the ap-plication of the technology in large-scale production.
Subsoiling layered fertilizationMedium-and low-yield fieldsSummer maizeDry matter accumulationYieldNitrogen use efficiency
万方数据
维普
