摘要
本试验以薏苡品种兴仁小白壳为材料,采用完全随机区组设计,以薏苡连作处理为对照,设置烟草-薏苡轮作处理,探究烟草-薏苡轮作对土壤养分、薏苡根系形态、产量和品质的影响.结果表明,与薏苡连作相比,烟草-薏苡轮作可使土壤有机质、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别上升11.47％、4.94％、7.49％、26.05％和129.81％,土壤全氮和全钾含量分别下降5.37％和1.89％,其中速效钾含量处理间差异达到显著水平.烟草-薏苡轮作后薏苡总根长、根表面积、根体积、平均根直径、根尖数和根系分支数等根系形态特征均显著高于连作,分别高出38.71％、37.54％、34.78％、20.08％、45.62％和45.85％.烟草-薏苡轮作后薏苡平均产量达5 484.3 kg/hm2,较连作增产34.80％;其可溶性总糖、淀粉和赖氨酸含量分别显著上升24.34％、9.77％、17.57％,粗脂肪含量提高6.14％,粗蛋白含量下降3.65％.综上,烟草-薏苡轮作改善土壤养分状况,显著提高速效钾含量,同时可以促进薏苡根系生长发育,进而提高薏苡产量及品质.
Abstract
In order to explore the effects of rotation with tobacco on soil nutrients,root morphology,yield and quality of C.lacryma-jobi,the variety Xingren Xiaobaike was used as material,and a completely random-ized block design was used in this experiment.The results showed that compared with continuous cropping of C.lacryma-jobi,rotation with tobacco increased soil organic matter,total phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzable ni-trogen,available phosphorus and available potassium contents by 11.47％,4.94％,7.49％,26.05％and 129.81％,respectively,and decreased soil total nitrogen and total potassium contents by 5.37％and 1.89％.Among them,there was significant differences in available potassium between treatments(P＜0.05).The total root length,root surface area,root volume,average root diameter,root tip number and root branch number of C.lacryma-jobi under rotation were significantly higher than those under continuous cropping,which were 38.71％,37.54％,34.78％,20.08％,45.62％and 45.85％higher,respectively.The yield of C.lacryma-jobi was 5 484.3 kg/hm2 on average under rotation and increased by 34.80％compared with continuous cropping;the contents of soluble sugar,starch,lysine and crude fat increased by 24.34％,9.77％,17.57％and 6.14％respectively,and the crude protein content decreased by 3.65％.Above all,tobacco-C.lacryma-jobi rotation could improve soil nutrients,significantly increase available potassium content,and promote the growth and development of C.lacryma-jobi roots,thereby improving its yield and quality.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32160516)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般270)
贵州省粮油作物分子育种重点实验室项目(黔科合中引地[2023]008)
贵州省高等学校功能农业重点实验室项目(黔教技[2023]007号)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据