Effects of Partial Substitution of Nitrogen Fertilizer by Different Kinds of Manure on Yield and Soil Nutrients of Winter Wheat in Saline-Alkali Land
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of different kinds of manure partially in-stead of nitrogen fertilizer on winter wheat yield and soil nutrients in moderate saline-alkali land.In the experi-ment,nine treatments were set in the Hekou District,Dongying City,Shandong Province,namely no fertiliza-tion(CK),chemical fertilizer treatments including CON(conventional fertilization with N,P2O5 and K2O rates as 267,252 and 0 kg/hm2)and OPT(optimized fertilization with N,P2O5 and K2O rates as 210,105 and 105 kg/hm2),and treatments with manure replacing 15％or 30％nitrogen fertilizer based on optimized fertilization(cattle manure replacement treatments as DM15 and DM30;sheep manure replacement treatments as SM15 and SM30;chicken manure replacement treatments as CM15 and CM30).Their effects on soil physi-cochemical properties,nitrogen partial productivity,nutrient content and wheat yield benefit in moderate sa-line-alkali land were investigated.The results showed that compared with CK,fertilization treatments signifi-cantly increased wheat yield.Compared to CON,DM15,DM30 and SM15 treatments increased wheat yield by 21.5％,17.7％and 1.7％,respectively,and the OPT and manure treatments could increase nitrogen partial productivity.Compared with CON,the manure treatments reduced soil bulk density and pH value,and in-creased soil organic matter content by 32.7％to 74.2％,but partial replacement of nitrogen fertilizer by sheep manure and chicken manure increased soil EC value.Compared with CON,under the manure treatments,the soil available nitrogen content significantly increased,and the available potassium content increased and most reached significant level;the soil available phosphorus content decreased except that DM30 and SM15 treat-ments increased to a certain extent,but the differences were not significant;the soil nitrogen and potassium activation coefficient increased.DM15,DM30 and SM15 treatments could increase wheat economic income,a-mong which,DM15 treatment increased by 57.03％compared with CON,which was the most effective.In conclusion,cattle manure partially replacing nitrogen fertilizer(DM15 and DM30)could obviously increase wheat yield,improve soil nutrient levels,and increase economic benefit.
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