首页|温度对不同油酸含量花生品种种子萌发的影响

温度对不同油酸含量花生品种种子萌发的影响

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本试验在人工气候箱内采用培养皿发芽方式,研究普通和高油酸花生种子萌发对温度响应的差异,温度设置为 10.0、12.5、15.0、20.0、25.0、30.0、35.0℃,品种包含高油酸大花生品种(GD,花育951)、高油酸小花生品种(GX,花育 51)、普通大花生品种(PD,花育 22)和普通小花生品种(PX,花育 20).结果表明:(1)在15.0~35.0℃范围内,4 个花生品种的总出芽率均为 100.0%;10.0℃时,2 个普通花生品种(PD、PX)的总出芽率均较低,分别为 60.0%和 56.7%,两个高油酸花生品种(GD、GX)则几乎不能出芽;12.5℃时,2 个高油酸花生品种的总出芽率仍较低,分别为 70.0%和 40.0%,2 个普通花生品种则均达到 100%.(2)出芽动态结果显示,低温(10.0℃和12.5℃)和高温(35.0℃)条件下,2 个高油酸花生品种的瞬时出芽率明显低于2 个普通品种,15.0~30.0℃范围内这种差异明显减小.(3)多数情况下,高油酸花生品种出芽的平均速率和最高速率低于相同果型的普通花生品种;在 10.0℃和 12.5℃条件下,GD的出芽平均速率较 PD 分别降低 80.6%和31.7%,GX较PX分别降低97.1%和 67.6%.(4)与普通花生品种相比,高油酸花生品种在不同温度条件下的出芽高峰期、始盛期和盛末期均推迟.综上可知,低温(≤12.5℃)时,高油酸花生品种的瞬时出芽率及总出芽率均明显低于相同果型的普通花生品种,高油酸花生品种的适宜出芽温度为 15.0~35.0℃.
Effect of Temperature on Germination of Peanut Seeds with Different Oleic Acid Contents
The differences in seed germination response to different temperatures between common and high-oleic acid peanut varieties were investigated through a petri dish experiment conducted in an artificial cli-mate chamber.The temperatures were set as 10.0,12.5,15.0,20.0,25.0,30.0 and 35.0℃.The varieties used as test materials included high-oleic acid large peanut variety(GD,Huayu 951),high-oleic acid small peanut variety(GX,Huayu 51),common large peanut variety(PD,Huayu 22)and common small peanut variety(PX,Huayu 20).The results were as follows.(1)The total germination rates of the four peanut varie-ties were all 100.0%at 15.0℃ to 35.0℃.At 10.0℃,the total germination rates of the two common peanut varieties(PD and PX)were both lower as 60.0%and 56.7%respectively,but the two high-oleic acid peanut varieties(GD and GX)exhibited negligible germination.At 12.5℃,the total germination rates of the two high-oleic acid peanut varieties remained low as 70.0%and 40.0%respectively,while both the common pea-nut varieties achieved the total germination rate of 100%.(2)The germination dynamics showed that the in-stantaneous germination rate of the two high-oleic acid varieties was obviously lower than that of the two com-mon varieties at low temperatures(10.0℃ and 12.5℃)and high temperature(35.0℃).The differences between high-oleic acid varieties and common varieties decreased in the range of 15.0℃ to 30.0℃.(3)In most cases,the average and maximum germination rates of high-oleic acid varieties were lower than those of common varieties with the same pod type.Under the conditions of 10.0℃ and 12.5℃,the average germina-tion volocity GD were 80.6%and 31.7%lower than that of PD respectively,while that of GX were 97.1%and 67.6%lower than that of PX.(4)Compared to the common peanut varieties,the fastigium,incipient and tel-ophase stages of high-oleic acid varieties were all delayed under various temperature conditions.In summary,at low temperature(≤12.5℃),the instantaneous and total germination rates of high-oleic acid peanut varie-ties were significantly lower than those of common varieties with the same pod type.The optimal germination temperature for high-oleic acid peanut varieties ranged from 15.0℃ to 35.0℃.

High-oleic acid peanutTemperatureTotal germination rateInstantaneous germination rate

刘树云、丁沙、张建成、于天一

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山东省农业技术推广中心,山东 济南 250000

鲁东大学农学院,山东 烟台 264002

山东省花生研究所,山东 青岛 266100

高油酸花生 温度 总出芽率 瞬时出芽率

中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目

YDZX2022131

2024

山东农业科学
山东省农业科学院,山东农学会,山东农业大学

山东农业科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.578
ISSN:1001-4942
年,卷(期):2024.56(10)
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