Effects of Disinfectant VirkonTM on Physicochemical Indexes and Microbial Community during Anaerobic Fermentation of Pig Manure
To investigate the effects of residual disinfectants on anaerobic fermentation characteristics of pig manure,different concentrations(0,0.02%,0.1%and 0.5%,marked as CK,L,M and H groups,re-spectively)of disinfectant VirkonTM were set to reveal their impacts on the physicochemical indexes and micro-bial community of the fermentation system.The results were as follows.(1)The concentrations of chemical ox-ygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N),total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)in-creased with the increase of VirkonTM concentration during anaerobic fermentation,which showed a dose effect.By the end of the reaction,the above indicators in H group increased by 124.37%,48.78%,95.16%and 192.90%,respectively compared to CK.At the end of anaerobic fermentation,the pH value of each experi-mental group increased and tended to be consistent.In addition,the degradation rates of total solids(TS)and volatile solid(VSS)in H group reduced to varying degrees,which were 6.21%and 3.40%lower than those in CK,respectively.(2)VirkonTM could cause significant changes in the composition,diversity and richness of microbial communities.The Ace,Chao and Shannon indexes in H group were significantly lower than those of CK,while the Simpson index showed an opposite response.Before fermentation,the first dominant bacterial group at phylum level was Firmicutes,followed by Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroideta and Chlo-roflexi;after anaerobic fermentation,the relative abundance of Firmicutes decreased,which decreased from 83.45%to 75.28%in H group.The dominant genus were Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,Turicibacter,Terris-porobacter,Psychobacter,Corynebacterium and Streptococcus before fermentation;after fermentation,Clostridi-um_sensu_stricto_1 decreased in CK,L and M groups,while its relative abundance increased from 28.86%to 30.33%in H group.In addition,other dominant genus such as Turicibacter showed decline in varying degrees.(3)There were significant positive correlations between pH value and NH3-N and phyla such as Chloroflexita and Synergistota.TN was significantly positively correlated with Firmicutes and Actinobacteria.COD and TN clustered together,while NH3-N clustered with pH value first and then with TP.The research results could provide theoretical references for revealing the damage degree caused by excessive use of disinfectants in anae-robic fermentation systems.
Disinfectant VirkonTMPig manureAnaerobic fermentationPhysicochemical indexesMi-crobial community
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