Effects of pachymic acid on alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory response in rats with periodontitis
Objective To investigate the effects of pachymic acid(PA)on alveolar bone resorption and inflamma-tion in periodontitis rats and the mechanism.Methods A total of 108 rats were randomly divided into the control group,model group,1 mg/kg PA(PA-L group),5 mg/kg PA(PA-M group),10 mg/kg PA(PA-H group),10 mg/kg PA+10 mg/kg CXCL12(PA-H+CXCL12 group),with 18 rats in each.Periodontitis models were established in all groups except the Control group.After modeling,rats in the PA-L group,PA-M group and PA-H group were intraperitone-ally injected with 1,5 and 10 mg/kg PA,rats in the PA-H+CXCL12 group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg PA+10 mg/kg CXCL12,and rats in the Control group and Model group were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline.The drug was administered once a day for 4 weeks.Periodontal index[plaque index(PLI)score,bleeding index(SBI)score]were detected.Serum TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β were detected by ELISA.The distance between alveolar crest and enamel cementum boundary(CEJ-AC)was measured by micro-CT to observe the resorption of alveolar bone.The pathological changes of periodontal tissues were observed by routine HE staining.The expression levels of IL-1β and OPG protein in periodontal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.The expression of CXC chemo-kine 12(CXCL12)and CXC chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4)protein in periodontal tissues was detected by Western blot-ting.Results Compared with the Control group,the gingival epithelium in the Model group showed erosion,a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration,tissue edema,structural damage,disarranged arrangement,significantly reduced alveolar bone height,a large number of bone resorption lacunae,high PLI score,SBI score,CEJ-AC,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,CXCL12,and CXCR4 protein expression,and low OPG protein expression(all P<0.05).Compared with the Model group,periodontal tissue inflammation in the PA-L group,PA-M group and PA-H group gradually decreased,struc-tural damage was alleviated,alveolar bone height became shallow,PLI score,SBI score,CEJ-AC,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β and CXCL12 and CXCR4 protein expression decreased successively,and the expression of OPG protein increased succes-sively(all P<0.05).Compared with the PA-H group,PA-H+CXCL12 group had increased periodontal tissue inflamma-tion,obvious edema,disordered structure and serious injury,and increased protein expression levels of PLI score,SBI score,CEJ-AC,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,CXCL12 and CXCR4,and decreased expression of OPG protein(all P<0.05).Conclusion PA can inhibit alveolar bone absorption and reduce inflammatory response in rats with periodontitis by regu-lating CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway.
periodontitispachymic acidCXC chemokine 12/CXC chemokine receptor 4alveolar bone resorp-tioninflammatory responserats
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