Therapeutic effect and mechanism of probiotic administration/intestinal microbiota transplantation of healthy rats on gestational diabetes mellitus in rats
Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of probiotics gavage/healthy rat intestinal microbiota trans-plantation on gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in rats and to investigate their mechanisms.Methods Seventy female and 35 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were used,with a 2:1 ratio for mating.After successful mating,10 female rats were randomly selected as the control group(marked as day 0).The remaining 60 female rats were injected intraperitoneal-ly with streptozotocin to establish the GDM models.Upon successful modeling(random blood glucose≥16.7 mmol/L),40 rats were divided into four groups,with 10 rats in each.On the 5th day,rats in the first group received a gavage of 359.708 mg/kg probiotics supplement,rats in the second group received a gavage of 1 mL/100g of healthy rat fecal micro-biota suspension,rats in the third group received both 359.708 mg/kg probiotics supplement and 1 mL/100g healthy rat fecal microbiota suspension,and rats in the fourth group,along with the control group,received 10 mL/kg PBS buffer ga-vage.Each group was gavaged once daily for 14 consecutive days.On the 19th day,an oral glucose tolerance test was per-formed to measure blood glucose levels.On the 20th day,colonic contents and tissues were collected after anesthesia to measure the short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)(acetate,propionate,butyrate,and isobutyrate)content using the GC-2010 gas chromatograph.The specific G protein-coupled free fatty acid receptor(GPR43)and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)mRNA and protein levels were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blotting.Results Compared with the control group,the GDM rats on the 20th day exhibited lower glucose tolerance,reduced levels of acetate,butyrate,and isobutyr-ate in colonic contents,and lower relative expression levels of GPR43 mRNA,GLP-1 mRNA,and protein in colonic tis-sues of the fourth group(all P<0.05).Compared with the fourth group,the first,second,and third groups showed higher glucose tolerance and increased relative expression levels of GPR43 mRNA,GLP-1 mRNA,and protein in the colonic tis-sues on the 20th day(all P<0.05).Conclusions Probiotics gavage and healthy rat intestinal microbiota transplantation can improve GDM in rats.This improvement may be achieved by increasing SCFA content in colonic contents and enhanc-ing the expression of GPR43,GLP-1 mRNA,and protein in colonic tissues,thus ameliorating GDM in rats.
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