Changes of gut microbiota structure in breast-fed full-term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia
Objective To observe the structural changes of intestinal flora in breast-fed full-term neonates with hy-perbilirubinemia.Methods According to the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia,40 breast-fed full-term neonates were divided into 12 cases of hyperbilirubinemia(hyperbilirubinemia group)and 28 cases of non-hyperbilirubinemia(control group).The first fetal stool within 24 h of birth and fecal samples from the third to fifth days of birth were respectively col-lected from the two groups,16S rDNA gene sequencing technology was used to detect the intestinal flora,β diversity was used to analyze the species diversity of intestinal flora in the two groups,and key species differences were used to analyze the composition differences of intestinal flora in the two groups.Results The results of β diversity of intestinal flora in the hyperbilirubinemia group and control group within 24 hours of birth were 0.51(0.44,0.61)and 0.53(0.42,0.65).The results of β diversity of intestinal flora in hyperbilirubinemia group and control group were 0.41(0.28,0.49)and 0.41(0.32,0.52)respectively on the 3rd to 5th days of birth.Compared with those within 24 h of birth,the β diver-sity of intestinal flora in the control group was higher on the 3rd to 5th days of birth(P<0.05).At the genus level,the in-testinal floras of neonates in the hyperbilirubinemia group within 24 h of birth were dominated by Escherichia,Aquabacte-riu and Pelomonas,while those in the control group were dominated by Aquabacteriu,Pelomonas and Clostridium sensu stricto;on the 3rd to 5th days of birth,the intestinal floras of neonates in the hyperbilirubinemia group were dominated by Escherichia,Clostridium sensu stricto and Streptococcus,while those in the control group were dominated by Clostridium sensu stricto,Escherichia,and Bacteroides.At the phylum level,the intestinal floras of neonates in the hyperbilirubinemia group and the control group within 24 h of birth were mainly Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,and the intesti-nal floras of neonates in the hyperbilirubinemia group and the control group were mainly Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Bac-teroidetes on the 3rd to 5th days of birth.Compared with the control group,the abundance of Escherichia in the intestine of neonates in the hyperbilirubinemia group within 24 h after birth was higher(P<0.05).Conclusions The intestinal flora of children with hyperbilirubinemia within 24 h of birth is dominated by Escherichia at the genus level.Compared with the healthy full-term breast-fed neonates,the intestinal flora structure of hyperbilirubinemia neonates changes slowly,and the species diversity and abundance increase slowly.
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