Changes in brain functional activities of first-episode untreated adolescent female patients with depression based on resting-state functional MRI
Objective To observe brain functional activities in first-episode,untreated adolescent female patients with depression based on the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)and to analyze its relationship with cognitive function.Methods Thirty first-episode,untreated adolescent female patients with depression(observa-tion group)and 24 healthy controls(control group)were included.Both groups underwent rs-fMRI to obtain the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)values,which were compared between the two groups.Regions of interest(ROIs)as-sociated with cognitive function,such as the cingulate gyrus and middle frontal gyrus,were selected from the brain regions showing differences in ALFF values between the two groups.Functional connectivity(FC)analysis was performed based on these ROIs to observe brain functional activity between the two groups and to obtain FC values.Both groups were also assessed for cognitive function using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS).Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships between the ALFF and FC values of the brain regions show-ing differences in ALFF and cognitive function.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group exhibit-ed decreased ALFF in the right middle frontal gyrus,right medial superior frontal gyrus,left cingulate gyrus,and right an-gular gyrus(all P<0.05).Whole-brain functional connectivity analysis based on the cingulate gyrus as the ROI showed higher FC values in the right parahippocampal gyrus and right orbital inferior frontal gyrus in the observation group in com-parison with those of the control group(all P<0.05).Whole-brain functional connectivity analysis based on the middle frontal gyrus as the ROI revealed increased FC values in the bilateral cerebellum area 8 and left supplementary motor area in the observation group in comparison with those of the control group(both P<0.05).There were no correlations between cognitive function and ALFF or FC values in the brain regions with differences(all P>0.05).There were significant differ-ences in the RBANS total score,immediate memory,visual span,language function,and delayed memory scores between the two groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion First-episode,untreated adolescent female patients with depression exhibited abnormalities in ALFF and functional connectivity in key brain regions such as the cingulate gyrus and middle frontal gy-rus,but no correlation was found between brain functional activity and cognitive function in these regions.
amplitude of low-frequency fluctuationfunctional connectivitycognitive functionresting-state func-tional magnetic resonance imagingdepression
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