Dynamic observation of retinal pathology and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression changes in retina of acute ocular hypertension model rats
Objective To dynamically observe the pathological changes of the retina and the expression changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)in the retina of acute ocular hypertension model rats,and to explore the retinal dam-age in rats with acute ocular hypertension.Methods Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group of 6 rats and acute ocular hypertension model group of 18 rats.Rats in the normal control group were not treated,while in the acute ocular hypertension model group,we prepared the acute ocular hypertension models by circumlimbal su-ture.The intraocular pressure was monitored in the acute intraocular hypertension model group before modeling,immedi-ately after suturing,at 1 h after suturing,1 day after suturing,2 days after suturing,3 days after suturing,4 days after su-turing,5 days after suturing,and 7 days after suturing using Tonolab tonometer,and the intraocular pressure was mea-sured in the normal control group at the same time point.Rats from the acute intraocular hypertension model group were sacrificed at 1 day after suturing,3 days after suturing,and 7 days after suturing.HE staining was used to observe the changes in retinal tissue morphology,and Thy-1 immunohistochemical staining was used to measure the number of retinal ganglion cells,and immunohistochemical staining was used to detect GFAP protein in the retina.Results The intraocu-lar pressure of rats in the acute ocular hypertension model group was higher than that of the normal control group immediate-ly after suturing,at 1 h after suturing,1 day after suturing,and 2 days after suturing(all P<0.05),and the intraocular pressure was higher at 1 h after suturing,1 day after suturing,and 2 days after suturing than that at other time points,showing a downward trend in the acute ocular hypertension model group(all P<0.05).The structure of each layer of the retina in the normal control group did not change significantly.In the acute ocular hypertension model group,edema ap-peared in the retinal nerve fiber layer at 1 day after suturing,the retinal edema began to alleviate at 3 days after suturing,and both the retinal thickness and the thickness of the nerve fiber layer became thinner at 7 days after suturing.The num-ber of retinal ganglion cells in the rats in the acute ocular hypertension model group at 3 and 7 days after suturing was small-er than that in the normal control group and that in the acute ocular hypertension model group at 1 day after suturing(both P<0.05);and the number of retinal ganglion cells in rats of the acute ocular hypertension model group at 7 days after sutur-ing was smaller than that at 3 days after suturing(P<0.05).The expression levels of GFAP protein in the retina of rats in the normal control group and the acute ocular hypertension model group were 65.762±16.246,115.777±18.780,145.056±9.777,and 169.751±10.378,respectively at 1,3,and 7 days after suturing,with statistically significant dif-ference(all P<0.05).Conclusion Pathological changes occurred in the retina of rats with acute ocular hypertension,including loss of ganglion cells and increased expression of GFAP protein in the retina.
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