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商业银行资产负债流动性管理研究分析

Research and Analysis on Asset Liability Liquidity Management of Commercial Banks

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商业银行的资产负债流动性受到内外部环境的多重因素的影响.内部因素包括资产负债期限匹配、业务扩张策略、公司治理与风险控制能力以及管理层重视程度等.外部环境方面,宏观经济周期变动、金融市场波动和客户信用风险增加都会对银行的流动性产生重要的影响.完善商业银行的资产负债流动性管理,需要从以下几方面入手.一是加强流动性风险管理,建立完善的流动性风险预警指标体系,开展流动性压力测试,构建多层次的流动性储备.二是优化资产结构配置,合理配置流动性资产投资组合,关注贷款资产期限结构与质量,发展交易性金融资产等.三是扩大负债来源,发行金融债券,进行银行贷款、同业拆借,调整存款结构等多元化融资方式.四是建立科学的流动性评估体系,选择合适的评估指标,进行多层次预警,并对其进行持续优化.通过这些措施,可以有效防控商业银行的流动性风险.
The asset liability liquidity of commercial banks is influenced by multiple factors from both internal and external environments.Internal factors include asset liability maturity matching,business expansion strategies,corporate governance and risk control capabilities,and the level of attention given by management.In terms of external environment,macroeconomic cycle changes,financial market fluctuations,and increased customer credit risk will all have a significant impact on bank liquidity.To improve the asset liability liquidity management of commercial banks,it is necessary to start from the following aspects.One is to strengthen liquidity risk management,establish a comprehensive liquidity risk warning indicator system,conduct liquidity stress testing,and build multi-level liquidity reserves.The second is to optimize asset structure allocation,reasonably allocate liquid asset investment portfolios,pay attention to the term structure and quality of loan assets,and develop transactional financial assets.The third is to expand the sources of liabilities,issue financial bonds,engage in syndicated loans,interbank lending,adjust deposit structures,and other diversified financing.The fourth is to establish a scientific liquidity evaluation system,select appropriate evaluation indicators,conduct multi-level warnings,and continuously optimize.Through these measures,the liquidity risk of commercial banks can be effectively prevented and controlled.

commercial banksasset liability liquidityliquidity riskinternal and external influencing factors

周颖达

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江苏银行股份有限公司,江苏 南京 210000

商业银行 资产负债流动性 流动性风险 内外部影响因素

2024

商业观察

商业观察

ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.10(7)
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