In order to optimize the grain structure of hot-rolled steel plates and improve their mechanical properties,performance analysis experiments were conducted on hot-rolled steel plates using annealing heat treatment method.By understanding the experimental mechanism of annealing heat treatment,the composition of hot-rolled steel plate specimens is determined and subjected to heat test treatment.The performance of the specimens is analyzed from the aspects of cooling rate,temperature,time,etc.The results showed that with the increase of cooling rate and insulation temperature of hot-rolled steel plates,the yield strength and tensile strength of the samples gradually increased,while the low-temperature impact absorption energy and austenite grain size decreased,and the ferrite structure slightly coarsened.The heat treatment process of air cooling after holding at 880 ℃ and 900 ℃ for 20 minutes is beneficial for improving the performance of hot-rolled steel plates,and this process has guiding significance for the industrial production of hot-rolled steel plates.