Plant-derived extracellular vesicles loaded with ACE2 prevent cell damage after PM2.5 exposure
To investigate the efficacy of plant-derived extracellular vesicles(PDEVs)loaded with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)in mitigating respiratory system dam-age induced by particulate matter(PM2.5),we extracted PDEVs from grapes and loaded them with ACE2 overexpression plasmids.The effect of the modified PDEVs on human bronchial epithelial cells(Beas-2B)after exposure to PM2.5 was investigated using CCK8 assays,dihydroethidium(DHE)staining,western blotting,and real-time quantitative poly-merase chain reaction(PCR).Exposure to PM2.5 increases oxidative stress,apoptosis,and inflammatory factor production in Beas-2B cells.PDEVs loaded with ACE2 effectively delivered ACE2 to cells and thereby alleviated PM2.5-induced cell damage including apop-tosis,oxidative stress,and inflammation.PDEVs thus show potential for use as carriers of genes that can prevent apoptosis and damage caused by atmospheric PM2.5 exposure.
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