With the rapid development of high-tech and the accelerated transformation of energy,the importance of critical minerals has significantly increased,and the demand has grown rapid-ly.Critical minerals even determine the lifeline of many strategic emerging industries.This paper first outlines the gradual deepening process of critical minerals governance in the United States including the establishment of evaluation system,checklist,and improvement of legislation.Secondly,due to the in-fluence of factors such as geopolitical patterns,changes in the international order and the game of great powers,the development of critical minerals governance in the United States has shown multiple trend characteristics.Finally,this paper explores how China can respond to the increasingly fierce global com-petition for critical minerals.