Solar Close Observations and Proximity Experiments:A Breakthrough in the Observation Position
The Solar Close Observations and Proximity Experiments(SCOPE)is a space mission for solar observations.It aims to send a spacecraft into the solar atmosphere deeply,approaching to the Sun at a location around 5 solar radii from the center of the Sun,so as to explore the super-bright and super-hot"uninhibited zones"of the deep space near the Sun.A set of breakthroughs are expected to make by the mission in the limits to techniques such as high temperature and strong radiation protection,super-long distance delivery,orbit control at large distance,and advanced payloads.The observations and in-situ measurements of the Sun will be performed at a brand new position on the magnetic field and plasma structures with the special resolution better than 0.1".The spacecraft will traverse the magnetic reconnection current sheets,coronal mass ejections,associated fast mode shocks,and various charged particles occurring in the solar eruption for revealing the theoretical mechanisms of the solar eruption.The instruments will microscopically observe and in-situ measure the nano-flares smaller than 0.1"in the corona and the magnetic field and plasma structures smaller than 0.06"in the photosphere at an unprecedentedly close distance,identifying the features and associated mechanisms for corona heating.The detection of the charge states of heavy ions in the solar wind will help identify the origin and acceleration mechanisms of the solar wind.The coronal magnetic field and plasma,including those in the polar region,will be directly detected at the closest distance to the Sun,and the associated structures will be microscopically observed.The dust distribution of the dust around the Sun will be revealed,and the inner edge of the dust disk in the solar system will be explored.Two fundamental puzzles,i.e.,solar eruption and corona heating,which have challenged the solar physics community for about a century,will be solved with the success of the mission;and a breakthrough will also be realized in detecting the coronal magnetic field,including that in the polar region.In this paper,the background,science,expected scientific achievements,payloads,and key satellite platform techniques of the SCOPE are introduced.
solar eruptionmagnetic fieldmagnetic reconnectionmedium and high energy particlesin-situ measurementthermal protection and isolationtelecommunications in deep space
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