Study on the influence of"double aging"neighborhoods on the active living behaviors of the elderly
Older neighborhoods are the main places where the elderly lives in cities in China.Housing and the elderly have experienced a"double aging"process of co-growth and co-aging.This type of residential area is an important type of older neighborhoods regeneration age-friendly community practice under the framework of active aging has received increasing attention as a method to improve home and community care for the elderly.This practice is to meet ease living(basic life needs),happy living(personal interest development)and home living(neighborhood co-construction and participation),but the research and practice on the"double aging"neighborhoods regeneration under this framework are still insufficient.For this reason,this study selected four typical"double-aging"neighborhoods in Beijing,and used the activity path recording method to summarize the regular characteristics of the elderly group's active life behaviors.A survey on the activity paths of the elderly found that there are differences in the active behavioral participation of different types of elderly groups in the residential areas.The advanced age or the poor self-care ability of the elderly group make live in peace as the primary goal in the daily life circle activities,while the self-care ability of the middle-aged and young elderly group tend to participate more frequent active behavior and pursue the realization of happy living.And the scope of daily life circle of the middle-aged and younger elderly groups with better self-care ability is higher than that of the elderly or the elderly groups with poor self-care ability,showing larger and more capable of engaging in high-quality proactive activities.Further analysis of the reasons affecting the achievement of the above three goals based on the activity venues and facilities in the residential sample found that although the housing conditions are poor and the old residential areas built about 50 years ago have more prominent problems in housing security,the performance is more prominent at the home living level.At the same time,the study conducted unstructured interviews with multiple stakeholders to further analyze the environmental,spatial,economic and other dimensions of factors and deep-seated reasons that affect their behavioral positivity and hinder the sustainable regeneration process of residential areas.From this,the study learned that the government was limited by insufficient funds during the regeneration process and was unable to carry out high-quality design,renovation and maintenance of public spaces and facilities in older neighborhoods,while social capital lacked participation in the area during the intervention process,especially policy support for the reuse of stock resources in older neighborhoods.In addition,the elderly in"double-aging"neighborhoods have the foundation for neighborhood mutual aid,volunteer service and community participation due to their long residence time,but they lack bottom-up participation paths.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the potential advantages and main demands of the three parties to build an operating mechanism for multi-party entities to participate in the sustainable renewal of older neighborhoods to solve the spatial renewal problems that affect the elderly to maintain social connections and actively participate.Finally,the study proposes the environmental transformation of"double aging"neighborhoods from three spatial scales:city-community,community-residential,and residential-building.Strategies and policy recommendations are provided to promote the elderly to obtain a living environment that can support them in maintaining and expanding social connections and giving full play to their role.Specific recommendations include:creating three updates around the goal of"ease living"security,"happy living"support and"home living"creation in a multi-scale space;starting from the coordinated and overall renewal of the area,and build a public life network based on the principles of"intergenerational,composite,convenient and affordable";establishing a multi-channel network with the elderly as the main participants in community volunteer services and consultation and co-governance mechanisms.The environmental design guidelines corresponding to the goals of age-friendly communities proposed in this study include environmental support design content for ease living,happy living and home living.The first is the settlement chapter.The core content of this part is the renovation and upgrading of shopping and medical facilities,healthy diet,road safety,outdoor courtyard activity venues,barrier-free travel,etc.,in order to improve the elderly or the elderly with poor self-care ability and the ability of the group to maintain a healthy and active life.The happy and home living section mainly includes the provision of outdoor centralized activity venues with sufficient accessibility and good quality facilities,as well as complex and affordable indoor activity venues which can provide various ball games,artistic performances,intergenerational exchange activities,etc.The strategic guidelines proposed in this study can not only be used to evaluate and discover the current problems of double-aging neighborhoods,but also can be used to further improve residential areas and update implementation standards for the classification of existing older neighborhoods and provides content reference.
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