Concept analysis and research progress of"station-city urban complex"in China
With the rapid construction of the national"eight vertical and eight horizontal"high-speed railway network,railway passenger stations and their supporting facilities are also being constructed synchronously in cities along the line.As of the end of 2022,China has built 1 841 railway passenger stations,including 1 188 high-speed railway passenger stations and 653 ordinary speed passenger stations.It is expected that by 2035,the number of railway passenger stations under construction will reach 1 277,including 984 high-speed railway passenger stations,achieving the goal of 1-hour commuting within the urban agglomeration,2-hour arrival within the urban group,and 3-hour smooth travel between neighboring cities.How to rely on the spillover effect generated by the construction of high-speed railway to promote the integrated development of stations and cities has become a major and urgent demand in the national social and economic life.As a way to integrate railway passenger stations with urban space,the station-city urban complex has become an important topic in the field of architectural design.The construction and implementation of the station-city urban complex under the background of different urban development have formed several practical models.In addition,there has been a discussion among scholars on the connotation and extension of the station-city urban complex.Therefore,it is necessary to systematically analyze the concept and context of the station-city urban complex,clarify its construction consensus,current problems,and development direction.Taking the station-city urban complex as the review object,this paper summarizes the relevant research on the station-city urban complex from four aspects:conceptual analysis,construction characteristics,problem review,and main issues.Firstly,it is clear that the actual driving factor for the construction of the station-city urban complex in China comes from the integrated development of stations and cities,rather than the bus-oriented development.Although both gather urban resources,there are significant differences in development goals,service objects,and influence scopes,which are jointly determined by the current stage of urban development and the railway construction strategy in China.The station-city urban complex can be defined as an urban complex formed under the background of the integrated development of stations and cities,which is led by the railway passenger transport hub.It meets the basic needs of passenger flow loading and unloading and transfer of trunk railways,collects various urban transport transfer services,integrates urban elements through a three-dimensional transfer network,and forms an urban architectural integration phenomenon within a range of 800-1 000 meters around the station.Then,it analyzes the characteristics of the construction of the station-city urban complex at home and abroad.The construction of the station-city urban complex in European countries mainly achieves the reasonable construction of urban spatial relations and the creation of places through the renewal and expansion of the original station space;the construction of the station-city urban complex in Japan mainly guides the aggregation and vertical distribution of urban functional elements through the three-dimensional development of the railway station space,shapes better passenger attraction capabilities and brand images,and forms a symbol of the urban economic engine and a window for internal and external promotion;the construction of the station-city urban complex in China intends to vigorously expand transportation-derived functions and urban related industries on the basis of ensuring efficient transfer,promote the development and construction around the railway station,and improve the environmental quality around the railway station.At the same time,it summarizes the problem review of the station-city urban complex in China.On the one hand,it is the process problem of guiding development and construction brought by differences in national conditions and road conditions;on the other hand,it is the spatial design problem of the station-city urban complex brought by the complex spatial system.Furthermore,it divides the development stages of the domestic station-city urban complex,including the initial stage of urbanization and station-city coordination,the accelerated stage of urbanization and multi-network transfer,and the stable stage of urbanization and station-city integration.Based on this,it summarizes the four main topics of current research on the station-city urban complex in China,namely,the evolution of origin and reality,classification standards and type classification,performance evaluation framework combining data and simulation,and design mode of"multiple elements + integrated layout".The research proposes that relevant research on the station-city urban complex in China should improve the systematic construction of the station-city urban complex at multiple levels,strengthen research on the station-city urban complex in urban development,advance the intervention of the evaluation system of the station-city urban complex into design,focus on interdisciplinary integration to achieve innovative research methods,and further research through multi-system intersections and cross-scale collaboration,which has practical significance for the integrated development of stations and cities in China at present.
literature reviewstation-city urban complexstation-city integrationconcept analysisresearch progress
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