A review of spatial carbon reduction strategies in rural communities from a multidimensional perspective
China's rural areas are an important focus point for achieving its dual-carbon goals.However,theoretical exploration and practical verification of low-carbon strategies at the rural community level are still insufficient.To further elucidate spatial carbon reduction pathways in rural communities,it is necessary to clarify the current status of related research and identify future research directions.Based on the relevant policy documents and scientific literature in the field of carbon reduction strategies in rural communities,this paper compiles the latest research progress in this field and identifies the current research deficiencies in this field,to provide suggestions and references for the low-carbon development of rural communities in China.Firstly,this paper summarizes the policies related to low-carbon development in rural communities,and broadly divides the development of China's countryside into four phases,namely,the initial development phase(1982-2005),the new rural construction phase(2005-2013),the beautiful rural construction phase(2013-2018),and the stage of rural revitalization and low-carbon rural construction(2018-present).A compendium of the policy lineage in the field of rural development shows that following the introduction of the concept of ecological and environmental protection into the main line of rural development,the goal of low-carbon countryside is being accelerated and integrated into the overall goal of rural revitalization.However,compared with the research in the field of low carbon control in urban space,there is still a significant lack of research on carbon reduction strategies in rural communities,and there is still a lack of a complete research system.Secondly,this paper was searched in the CNKI database with the keywords of"rural+countryside+village"and"carbon+carbon emission+double carbon+low carbon",and the restricted discipline was building science and engineering.After the search,236 articles in Chinese and foreign languages were retained by combining the topics,abstracts,and keywords of the literature for further screening.The literature can be categorized into the following three perspectives:spatial development strategies for rural communities from a planning perspective,optimal design of landscape systems for carbon and emission reduction,and building energy efficiency and carbon emission control.The literature under the three perspectives is sorted out,and the theoretical explorations,research methodological applications,and specific practical projects from different perspectives are compiled.Through the collation of literature under the three perspectives,current research gaps were identified.These research gaps include:uneven spatial distribution of spatial carbon reduction practices in rural communities,relatively single perspective of carbon emission reduction related research,mostly qualitative research methods and quantitative research should be strengthened,lack of a database on the whole life cycle of carbon emissions in rural areas,and lack of carbon emission calculations in the production,transport,construction and dismantling phases of carbon emission reduction measures.Based on the literature review,the challenges of spatial carbon reduction strategies at the rural community level from different perspectives are identified.Regarding spatial carbon reduction in planning,the carbon source assessment of rural communities has the characteristics of an open and large-scale system,and there is an urgent need to construct a parametric carbon source assessment model for land use planning.Regarding carbon reduction in landscape elements,rural communities have long been faced with the outstanding contradiction between ecological protection and economic development,which has brought great uncertainty to the enhancement of the carbon sink capacity of various landscape elements.In terms of carbon reduction in building space,the development of low-cost building carbon reduction technologies and the construction of effective promotion paths have become an important challenge for carbon reduction in rural community buildings.Finally,this paper points out potential avenues for future research,including:1)in the future,we need to carry out systematic research on the planning paths,landscape elements,and architectural spaces of rural communities as a whole,and carry out low-carbon construction strategies around multi-dimensional scales;2)it is necessary to set up a carbon emission data collection system at the level of the rural community to track the sources of carbon emissions from various areas within the community,and then build an authoritative database and research framework on the life-cycle carbon emissions and energy demand of rural communities;3)it is urgent to establish a carbon emission data collection system at the rural community level to track the carbon emission sources in each area of the community,and then build an authoritative database and research framework on the life cycle carbon emission and energy demand of the rural community;4)in the future,it is necessary to integrate the carbon emission information of the rural community into the eco-value accounting system,to quantitatively analyze the level of carbon emission and the space for carbon reduction of the whole community and dynamically monitor the level of carbon emission;5)low-carbon construction strategies should respect,protect,and pass on the local culture and history,and low-carbon construction and cultural heritage protection in rural communities will become one of the research areas that need to be explored in depth in the future.The results of the research will help to promote the realization of the dual carbon goals more effectively and provide a reference for the low-carbon transformation of rural communities.