Study on the climate responsive strategies of Bayu vernacular architectural prototypes
Vernacular architecture in Bayu traditional towns has embodied common climate responsive strategies,as well as unique climate responsive strategies with the mountainous terrain and regional microclimate.In order to promote the sound development of contemporary regional green architecture system,it is crucial to deeply explore the traditional vernacular architecture climate responsive strategies,and explore the ways to transform them into modern design methods and appropriate technologies.In this paper,we take Chongqing's typical mountain towns and vernacular architecture as a case study,focus on the special prototypes,based on the general climate strategies and design reference measures derived from the Climate Consultant analysis,and refine the passive basic measures and contingency measures adopted under the general climate strategies to summarize the characteristics of the climate responsive strategies of the mountain towns in Bayu.The macroclimate of Chongqing is characterized by hot summers and cold winters,which is bipolar and contradictory,while the microclimate of the mountainous area forms a three-dimensional wind field environment with diurnal cycles due to the valley winds and surface winds.The spatial prototypes of Bayu traditional towns'vernacular architecture,including settlement space,architectural prototypes and interface prototypes,comprehensively reflect the response to the mountainous regional climate through basic prototypes,prototype combinations,topological changes and strain measures.The spatial prototypes of Bayu traditional towns are reflected in the three levels of settlement space,architectural prototypes and interface prototypes.The special prototype of settlement space is mainly manifested in the ribbon layout,long and narrow main streets and staggered cold alleys,which are conducive to natural ventilation and microclimate regulation.The architectural special prototypes show the adaptation to the terrain and the diversified use of space through the forms of patio space,shaft space,hanging space,sloping roof height space and terrace courtyard.The interface prototype enhances the climate responsive strategies of the building through the light and thin upper and heavy lower envelope structure and multiple opening elements.The climate responsive strategies of Bayu traditional towns'vernacular architecture mainly include four aspects:natural ventilation,integrated shading,natural lighting,and moisture and dehumidification.In terms of natural ventilation,Bayu traditional towns residences have adopted measures such as a ribbon layout that welcomes and accommodates the dominant wind direction,narrow streets and alleys,staggered cold alleys,as well as the design of internal spaces such as patios,inner corridors,and stairwells,to promote air circulation.The comprehensive shading strategy includes environmental shading,mutual shading of buildings,external shading of façades and internal shading of main windows and doors,effectively reducing the indoor temperature in summer.The natural lighting strategy increases indoor light through the use of hill elevations,cold alleys,roof air vents and bright tiles.The moisture prevention and dehumidification strategies prevent condensation and moisture return through natural ventilation and porous enclosure to adapt to the perennial high humidity environment in Chongqing.The results of this study show that the core of climate responsive architecture in Bayu traditional towns lies in the establishment of a correlation between regional microclimate,climate strategies,response measures,and regulatory effects.These traditional buildings not only show the design wisdom of using mountain microclimate,vertical space organization and diversified adaptation,but also embody the wisdom of climate response based on regional climate conditions,special prototypes as the core,and oriented to the environmental regulation performance.The Bayu traditional towns special prototype and its strain measures have a high compliance rate of up to 80%with the 20 design references provided by Climate Consultant,and the compliance rate of 13 passive measures is nearly 100%.The climate responsive strategies of the Bayu traditional towns embody the close integration of traditional architectural wisdom and regional climate conditions.These strategies not only provide valuable experience and inspiration for modern architectural design,but also provide localized appropriate design references for the green development of mountainous habitats.By deeply exploring and applying the climate responsive strategies of traditional vernacular architecture,the green performance and living comfort of architecture can be enhanced,which is of great significance in promoting the sustainable development of the construction industry.
Bayu traditional townsvernacular architecturespecial prototypeclimate responsive strategiesconstruction strategy
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