A comparative study of the government-subsidized rental housing supply systems in cities of China
With a burgeoning population and escalating real estate costs in metropolitan regions worldwide,the critical matter of providing affordable housing for urban residents and ensuring an adequate supply of such housing in urban centers has become a focal point of global concern.As a result of the reform of the urban housing system in China,the housing market has developed rapidly in recent years,which has also resulted in housing affordability problems for some groups of people across the country.The implementation of robust housing security systems serves as a pivotal mechanism for the international community to address housing issues affecting vulnerable populations and elevate their quality of life,thereby contributing to broader societal welfare,social equity and development goals.China has made an effort to address the aforementioned issues by offering a range of reasonably priced homes,such as the construction of public rental housing,affordable housing and so on.Certain demographic groups,such as young adults and newly arrived immigrants,continue to face substantial rental burden due to the high cost of renting in the housing market.In recent years,China has continued to deepen the construction of its housing security system,and has made great achievements.Guaranteed rental housing has also gradually become the mainstay of the current housing security supply.Following the publishing of the Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Guaranteed Rental Housing in 2021,China will prioritize the development of guaranteed rental housing as a major component of upgrading the housing security system during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.To explore the direction of the development of subsidized rental housing policies in cities in China,this study divides 34 cities that are concentrating on developing government-subsidized rental housing into three categories(cities with good rental affordability,cities with average rental affordability,and cities with poor rental affordability)based on data on rent-to-income ratios after first measuring and grading housing rental affordability in cities.The research then compares the supply systems included in the guaranteed rental housing policies of different kinds of cities in terms of the scope of protection,supply and construction,operation and administration,etc.,based on the perspective of housing planning policies.These specifically include variations in the laws and policies that control limitations on the requirements for applications,supply ratios,construction and planning supporting documentation,funding sources,rental price structures,and other aspects.The purpose of this paper is to explore the following two aspects through a cross-section of policies:What are the characteristics and differences between the various types of urban rental housing systems?who are the recipients of the city's government-subsidized rental housing,how are they built,and how are they subsequently operated and managed?The results show that:Firstly,all types of cities are facing common problems such as the overly broad coverage of government-subsidized rental housing,difficulties in implementing the objectives,and ambiguous management modes.In addition,while the current policies of the three types of cities tend to be similar and the variances are not particularly significant,different characteristics can still be noticed in their various cruxes.Among these are the following:in cities with poor affordability,the rent control of government-subsidized rental housing needs to be strengthened immediately;in cities with average affordability,the main issue is the relatively single channel for fund-raising;and in cities with good affordability,the policy content is not sufficient overall.These distinctions underscore the need for tailored strategies to address specific housing issues across varying cities.In response to the research's results,this paper proposes recommendations to optimize the scope of policy protection and the degree of matching between supply and demand,strengthen the planning of rental housing construction in terms of quantity and quality,and optimize the management and operation mechanism from the three aspects of the scope of protection,supply and allocation,and operation and management.Drawing upon these foundational principles,the essay proposes a tailored optimization strategy for each of the three categories of cities.For example,cities with high rental-to-income ratios(RIR)and low affordability ought to concentrate on spatial planning and enhance coverage in a few cities.Medium-sized cities with moderately affordable rental markets can appropriately increase housing supply.In the case of low RIR cities with better affordability,the coverage can be appropriately reduced at the initial stage of construction in order to achieve a gradual progress.This study examines the most recent form of supply system for secured housing in China,with the goal of providing a theoretical foundation for the effective supply of government-subsidized rental housing.
government-subsidised rental housinghousing securitysupply systemkey citiescomparative study
万方数据
