Spatial pattern of classical gardens from the perspective of contemporary performance scene composition
Existing classical gardens are not only static objective entities,behavioral events and character activities are also essential parts of the classical gardens,in which the performance activities are closely integrated with the garden space type of activity.Classical garden performance activities originated from the ritual system,followed by the rise of hedonistic and finally tending to art,in the process of historical evolution to continue and in the contemporary needs of new forms of expression.Aesthetic and artistic descriptions dominate existing researches on classical gardens and performance activities and lack exploration at the operational level of garden space.Therefore,from the perspective of"behavior-space"interaction,this study focuses on the coupling mechanism between garden space and performance activities.Based on the analysis of the scene composition of the performance activities,this paper discusses the method of constructing the spatial pattern of classical gardens under the demand of the performance activities to build a modern way of transforming the language of gardening at the level of design methodology.In the composition of the scene of the performance activity,the behavior of participation contains three levels:the actor"performing",the audience"viewing",and the"viewing-performing interaction".Thus,revisiting garden design in terms of behaviorally derived spatial needs,this paper categorizes the garden patterns that influence the composition of the scene of performance activities into three groups:the stage of the landscape constructed by bodily reference,the visual image produced by the pictorial set,the structure of sight in the context of a theatrical experience.Firstly,analogous to the four types of constituent elements in the stage space,namely,area,path,fulcrum,and transformation,the study regards landscape stage construction as the process of spatial hold on the body to advance the scene narrative,and through the method of space graphics,it proposes three modes of landscape stage construction in the garden,namely linear,surface domain,and composite state;Secondly,based on the relationship between the scene and the construction of the picture in the creation of visual scenery,it is proposed that the visual effect of the contemporary garden performance activities are based on the shaping of the layers,centers,and backgrounds in the visual picture through the natural landscape and building interface,so as to produce a pictorial visual effect similar to that of the stage set,and then derive the three ways of shaping the visual picture:The"frame"is to strengthen the perception of the depth of the visual space by adjusting the levels of the picture,the"point"is to create the visual center by controlling the whole picture with the help of the main scene,and the"screen"is a scene that reinforces the environment as a reference system,activating the"figure-ground"relationship by emphasizing the limited elements of the stage background.Finally,it analyzes the layout characteristics of the classical garden space that expresses visual constraints through"seeing and being seen",considers the spatial form of performing arts with the comprehensive vision of"viewing-performing",and expresses the organization of sight lines,viewpoints and focuses in the structural relationship of"viewing-performing"through the method of space graphics,and summarizes the structural control modes of the line of sight in the layout of garden space,including layer-like separation,fan-type cohesion,and ring-type wrapping.Based on the perspective of"behavior-space"mutual feedback,the study reveals the coupling mechanism between performance activities and garden space from three aspects:body reference,pictorial scenery,and theatrical experience,and proposes three garden space modes,namely,landscape stage construction,visual picture shaping,and sight structure organization.On the one hand,this study improves the understanding of the narrative capacity of classical gardens.It explores the value of the place experience of the garden space in accommodating behavioral activities,which contributes to the sustainable development of cultural heritage.On the other hand,it also builds a possible way for the contemporary transformation of the classical garden space vocabulary,combining the garden space with the current needs of the performance space through a clear event theme,which provides references for the design of the performance space in the landscape environment.
performance and viewing activitiesscenario formationclassical gardenspatial pattern
万方数据
维普
