The passenger flow of urban rail transit stations reflects the agglomeration effect of passenger flow.As the foundation for operating an urban rail transit network,the spatial and temporal demand and characteristic distribution of station passenger flow are directly linked to comprehensive transportation planning,urban land use,spatial structure,and facility layout.In this context,exploring the impact mechanism of the built environment on the passenger flow of urban rail transit stations and accurately identifying key built environment factors that affect station passenger flow play a crucial guiding role in revitalizing the urban built environment organically and enhancing the efficiency of station passenger flows in urban rail transit systems.This has become one of the focal points in studying urban transportation planning and transportation geography.While existing studies on the relationship between the built environment and passenger flow of urban rail transit stations are relatively mature,there is a relative lack of research on factors influencing station passenger flow during different time periods.To address the lack of existing research,we developed a comprehensive"5D+N"index system for the built environment based on multi-source geospatial data(including land use data,mobile signaling data,POI data,building footprint data,road network data,bus station and line network data,urban rail transit station and line network data,etc.).The study then selected average daily passenger flow and peak inbound/outbound passenger flow during morning and evening periods as dependent variables for urban rail transit stations.Using multicollinearity testing and OLS stepwise regression,it identified significant independent variables that influence station passenger flow.Finally,by comparing the fitting effects of OLS,GWR,and SGWR models,it determined the superior model to analyze how the built environment impacts passenger flow during different time periods.The case study of Tianjin yields the following conclusions.1)The average daily passenger flow of urban rail transit stations exhibits a distribution pattern characterized by high passenger flow in central areas and low ridership in peripheral areas.Additionally,the distribution of station passenger flow during peak hours also displays spatial heterogeneity.Stations with high passenger flow during morning and evening peaks are primarily transportation transfer hubs and the first and last stations located in the western periphery of the city.Moreover,stations with significant passenger flow during these peak periods are concentrated in the core area of the city.The heterogeneity in station passenger flow is mainly attributed to variations in urban land development intensity,diversity in station spatial function and business mix,as well as differences in regional rail network density.2)There exist both similarities and notable differences regarding factors influencing passenger flow at different time periods.Among them,factors such as opening time of stations,number of entrances/exits,density of administrative office facilities'points-of-interest(POI),density of bus stops have a positive impact on passenger flow across multiple periods.Conversely,POI mixing degree and average distance from bus stops exert a negative effect on passenger flow.Notably,significant factors affecting morning peak inbound/outbound passenger flow exhibit relative similarity while those impacting evening peak outbound/inbound passenger flow also demonstrate some level of similarity.3)The impact of the built environment on passenger flow at the station demonstrates a distinction between global and local effects,with the density dimension of the built environment primarily influencing locally.The direction and intensity of local variables on passenger flow exhibit spatial heterogeneity.Variations in factors influencing passenger flow during different periods and their spatial heterogeneity offer guidance for enhancing passenger flow efficiency and promoting high-quality TOD development,as well as informing updates and optimizations to the built environment surrounding the station.Taking Tianjin City as a case study,this paper conducted an empirical investigation to explore the methodology and approach for collaborative optimization and enhancement of the built environment and urban rail transit passenger flow efficiency.The research findings not only broaden the research perspective on the relationship between the built environment and urban rail transit passenger flow but also advance the frontier exploration direction of multidisciplinary integration encompassing transportation,planning,and geography.Simultaneously,it enriches the methodological framework of rational spatial planning research under a"flow"logic,enhances the scientific nature of spatial planning,and provides scientific technical support and practical guidance for optimizing both built environment renewal and urban rail transit.
维普
万方数据
