World Market as the"Fundamental Logic"of the World Order——And on the Economic Foundation of the New Form of Human Advancement
The world order is crucial to the development of all states.However,the mainstream international relations theories,on the one hand,overlook the"processual structure"through which the world order is formed,and on the other hand,simplistically attribute the changes in the world order to the rise and decline of hegemony.Addressing this cognitive bias,this paper,based on the intricate interaction between the world market and political ideologies,provides four conceptual types for the evolution of the world political system:the formation of a new order,the succession of hegemony,the failure of new schemes,and the continuation of the old order.Among them,the world market constitutes the underlying logic of the changes in the world order.Before 1500,the world market had multiple centers,and states of different civilizations existed with a relatively equal world order.However,with the continuous expansion of capitalism aiming for unlimited accumulation,the inclusive and multi-centric world market was replaced by a hierarchical and single-centric world system,marked by war,exploitation,and oppression as the most significant features of the world order for the past five centuries.In this system,the basis for the shift of hegemony lies in the transfer of dominance in the world market.After the 21st century,the world market has shown a trend towards multi-centrism,with China as a significant center using its civilization to provide a new blueprint for the world order.The structural changes in the world market have laid the economic foundation for creating a new form of human advancement.
World MarketPolitical ThoughtsWorld OrderNew Form of Human Advancement
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