The"Fundamental Challenge"Faced by the Frankfurt School's Critical Theory:An Analysis from the Methodological Perspective
The new generation of critical theorists,represented by Lessenich,points out that the traditional methods of critical theory to explain capitalist crises faces two fundamental challenges in contemporary times:the inability to address the global interconnectedness of social phenomena and the material dimension of social reproduction.At the methodological level,due to its adherence to immanent critique,the question turns to whether immanent critique can effectively respond to these fundamental challenges.Although old critical theory's model of immanent critique indeed had many flaws due to constraints imposed by the framework of traditional historical philosophy,this does not mean that it is no longer feasible in employing immanent critique in critiquing contemporary capitalism.Contemporary critical theorists,exemplified by Honneth,attempt to address the"immanent transcendence"dilemma faced by immanent critique in the post-metaphysical era by reinterpreting it.Their different understandings can be distinguished through the paths of"normative reconstruction"and"non-normative measurement".However,each of these paths can only partially respond to the fundamental challenges faced by critical theory in the contemporary context and is unable to fully address them.Thus,the deeper methodological challenge confronting contemporary critical theory lies in how to more coherently integrate two forms of critical practice with inherent transcendent potential to more comprehensively respond to the actual challenges posed by contemporary capitalism.
万方数据
