The political communication in ancient China was essentially a process of ruling legitimacy construction with the monarchical power with its core goal to make the monarch show conform to the social expectation of the"good emperor"image.Among them,the prototype of legitimacy served as the play,the monarch as the main actor.The audience was the bureaucrat in the center of the national theater and the ordinary people in the fringe area.By using the closed communication system with exclusive right of speech,and adopting corresponding communication strategies and techniques,the rulers could indeed influence and manipulate the audience's emotions and identity to a certain extent,and achieve certain legitimacy construction effects.However,this kind of political communication must also accept the test and restriction of facts and truth,and it must also be based on the existing value norms.This mode of explaining the legitimacy of political communication in ancient China might have certain reference and enlightenment significance for enriching the empirical implications of modern political communication theory and understanding the tension between communication and truth in the"post-truth era".