How to deal with the relationship with farmers has always been the core issue of China's modernization.In the first thirty years of New China,through the urban-rural dual system and the unified purchasing and marketing system,rural areas provided original capital accumulation for China's industrialization,thereby establishing a complete national economic system in the shortest time possible and realizing the industrialization of New China.Since the reform and opening up,China has utilized its cheap rural labor force and land system,seizing historical opportunity of the world's industrial transfer and become the world's largest manufacturing base and the world's factory.In the current period,China is transforming"Made in China"into"Created in China"through industrial upgrading,developing new productivity through industrial upgrading,crossing the middle-income stage,and entering the ranks of developed countries.A significant number of China's farmers are not only moving to cities for work and business,but are also beginning to integrate into urban life.However,farmers still suffer from vulnerability when entering cities,so the right of farmers to return home should be retained.We should fully utilize the urban-rural dual structure to establish a high-level market social system,forming a high-level hedge,complementarity,and balance between the market system and the social system.This will significantly ease potential challenges in China's modernization process and contribute to its ongoing modernization efforts.Only by fully recognizing the importance of farmers in China's modernization and solving the problems of farmers in the process of China's modernization can the tasks of China's modernization be completed and the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation be achieved.