The clinical value of TNF-α and its antagonists in reproductive immune diseases
TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory Th1-type cytokine secreted by immune and placental cells,which plays important roles in regulating the inflammatory and immune mechanisms of embryo implantation,placentation,and final pregnancy outcome.Moderate increase of TNF-α in early pregnancy may be beneficial to embryo implantation.However,over-expression of TNF-αcan lead to the occurrence of reproductive immune diseases through different pathways,and cause unexpected pregnancy and birth outcomes.In recent years,the clinical application of TNF-α in reproductive immune diseases has become a hotspot in reproductive medicine.Nonetheless,questions on whether TNF-α can be used as a routine screening target for reproductive immune diseases,whether TNF-α antagonists can improve pregnancy outcomes,or whether short-term/long-term use of TNF-α is safe for mother and fetus are required to be carefully considered.Based on above questions,this review discusses the value of TNF-α and its antagonists on the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive immune diseases,for providing new ideas to develop clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.
tumor necrosis factor αtumor necrosis factor α antagonistreproductive immunitydiagnosis and treatment value
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
