外部需求、制造业集聚与企业全要素生产率
External Demand,Manufacturing Agglomeration and Enterprise Total Factor Productivity
屠西伟 1张平淡 1王天行2
作者信息
- 1. 北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院(北京100875)
- 2. 新加坡管理大学李光前商学院(新加坡188065)
- 折叠
摘要
制造业集聚对经济增长和企业全要素生产率有重要影响.基于1998-2014年中国工业企业数据,采用OP法、ACF法等方法测算了相关年份的企业全要素生产率,并运用Bartik方法构建城市层面的外部需求作为工具变量,深入探究了外部需求引致的制造业集聚对企业全要素生产率的影响.测算结果表明,1998-2007年全要素生产率增长速度变化幅度在2％～4％,2011-2014年增长速度变化幅度在0.3％～1.9％.基准分析发现,外部需求引致的制造业集聚每提高1％,可推动企业全要素生产率提升约0.125 0％,即制造业集聚显著促进了企业全要素生产率的提升,这一结果在多种稳健性检验下依然成立.进一步研究发现,制造业集聚对非出口企业全要素生产率的提升作用更为强劲.将企业层面全要素生产率归纳至城市层面,并对其动态分解,发现样本期内技术进步是全要素生产率的主要贡献来源,进而发现制造业集聚对技术进步效应的积极影响.应该说,推动制造业集聚的发展和演化,保持中国制造的全球优势,是新发展阶段推进经济高质量发展、应对外部需求冲击和构建新发展格局的可行途径.
Abstract
Manufacturing agglomeration is an important influencing factor for economic growth and total factor productivity of enterprises.Based on the data of Chinese industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2014,the latest year's total factor productivity of enterprises was calculated using OP method,ACF method,and other methods.The Bartik method was used to construct external demand at the city level as a tool variable,and the impact of manufacturing agglomeration caused by external demand on enterprise total factor productivity was carefully tested.The calculation results indicate that the growth rate of TFP varied between 2％and 4％from 1998 to 2007,and the growth rate from 2011 to 2014 was between 0.3％and 1.9％.Benchmark analysis found that for every 1％increase in manufacturing agglomeration caused by external demand,it will drive an increase in total factor productivity of enterprises by approximately 0.125 0％,indicating that manufacturing agglomeration significantly promotes an increase in total factor productivity of enterprises.This result is still valid under various robustness tests.Further research indicates that manufacturing agglomeration has a stronger driving effect on the total factor productivity of non export enterprises.By aggregating the total factor productivity at the enterprise level to the city level and dynamically decomposing it,it was found that the effect of technological progress during the sample period was the main contribution source of total factor productivity,and thus the positive impact of manufacturing agglomeration on the effect of technological progress was discovered.It should be said that promoting the development and evolution of manufacturing agglomeration and maintaining the global advantage of Chinese manufacturing is a feasible way to promote high-quality economic development,respond to external demand shocks,and construct a new development pattern in the new development stage.
关键词
外部需求/制造业集聚/全要素生产率/Bartik方法Key words
external demand/manufacturing agglomeration/total factor productivity/Bartik method引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据