摘要
斯氏按蚊是东南亚多个国家的重要疟疾传播媒介,也是亚洲部分地区广泛分布的按蚊种群,作为疟疾和其他蚊媒传播疾病的一个潜在传播媒介在我国曾有较广泛的分布.本研究简要概述斯氏按蚊的形态特征、地理分布情况.斯氏按蚊曾在我国华南、西南和华东等地区有报道,包括但不限于广东、广西、海南、贵州、四川、西藏、云南、福建等省份.得益于持续有效的疾病监测和蚊虫防制策略,国内疟疾流行风险已大幅降低,但因斯氏按蚊入侵性和适应性较强,且在全球的分布范围呈快速蔓延趋势,加之全球气候异常等因素,斯氏按蚊相关疾病在我国部分地区依然有一定的传播风险.为巩固疟疾防控成果,对我国斯氏按蚊等传疟媒介进行持续监测,巩固落实疟疾防控措施仍十分必要.
Abstract
Anopheles stephensi is an important malaria vector in many Southeast Asian countries,and is also a widely distributed Anopheles species in parts of Asia.As a potential vector of malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases,Anopheles stephensi had a relative wide distribution in China.This review gives a brief overview of the morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of Anopheles stephensi,which has been reported in South China,Southwest China and East China,including but not limited to Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan,Guizhou,Sichuan,Xizang,Yunnan,Fujian and other provinces.Thanks to the continuous and effective disease surveillance and mosquito control strategies,the risk of malaria epidemic in China has been greatly reduced.However,Anopheles stepheni is highly invasive and adaptable,in addition to its rapid spread in global distribution,together with global climate anomalies and other factors,there still exists a certain transmission risk of the diseases related to Anopheles stepheni in some parts of China.In order to consolidate the achievements of malaria prevention and control,it is still necessary to conduct continuous monitoring of Anopheles stephensi and other malaria vectors,and to consolidate the implementation of malaria control measures in China.
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