Analysis of occupational hazard factors in industrial enterprises in Minhang District of Shanghai
Objective:To find out the current situation of occupational hazard factors in Minhang District,Shanghai,and provide basis for subsequent occupational disease supervision,prevention and treatment.Methods:A full coverage survey was conducted in the employees in enterprise legal entities,industrial activity entities,and other unincorporated entities with 5 or more employees,the main internal survey included basic information about the enterprises,occupational disease hazards,etc.Results:In 1 379 industrial enterprises in Minhang District,Shanghai,there were 883 enterprises with occupational disease hazards,mainly distributed in four sub-districts and towns,accounting for 75.20%of the whole district,and the number of people who exposed to occupational disease hazards accounted for 78.50%of the whole region.According to the classification of industries,the top three were 163(11.82%)general equipment manufacturing industries,141(10.22%)special equipment manufacturing industries and 114(8.27%)textile and apparel industries.The top three employees who exposed to occupational disease hazards were chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing(42.57%),automobile manufacturing industry(39.39%),and textile industry(37.93%).The industrial enterprises in Minhang District were mainly small and micro enterprises(91.16%),small and micro enterprises with occupational disease hazards accounted for 86.18%of the total number of harmful enterprises,and the number of contacts accounted for 37.12%.In terms of types of damage,12 445 people were exposed to dust,accounting for 30.28%;19 012 people were exposed to chemical poisons,accounting for 46.25%;27 295 people were exposed to physical factors,accounting for 66.40%.Conclusion:In the future work of occupational disease prevention and treatment,it is necessary to target and classify policies according to the distribution characteristics of occupational disease hazard factors in the jurisdiction,as well as industry classification and industry scale,so as to improve the efficiency of prevention and treatment.At the same time,in order to meet the requirements of supervision and law enforcement on the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases,it is necessary to strengthen the construction of occupational health supervision and law enforcement teams,and constantly update the technical means of law enforcement and supervision of occupational disease prevention and control.
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