This study reported a method for preparing high-purity tanshinone ⅡA by desulfonation reaction using sodium tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate as raw material.The relatively optimal reaction conditions were obtained by screening the acid reagents,temperature,solvents and their dosages.Using concentrated hydrochloric acid as a reaction reagent,acetonitrile as a solvent and reacting at 80℃for 3 hours,tanshinone ⅡA with a purity of over 99%were obtained with a maximum yield of over 90%.The reaction operation of this method is simple,the yield is high,and it has the prospect of industrial production.