摘要
目的:描述长宁区退休和生活困难妇女妇科常见病检出情况,为妇女病防治提供科学依据.方法:对 2019-2022 年在上海市长宁区退休和生活困难妇女妇科常见病普查结果进行分析.总人数41 416 人,年龄 40～69 岁.普查项目包括:妇科双/三合诊、阴道分泌物、宫颈细胞学、阴道超声、乳房超声和乳腺外科检查.2021 年将原有的宫颈刮片调整为宫颈液基薄层细胞学检查(TCT),并新增乳房彩超检查.结果:2019-2022 年筛查患病人数 15 569 例,平均检出率为 37.59%.妇女常见病前五位:子宫肌瘤、卵巢肿块、宫颈息肉、乳房肿块、急性子宫颈炎.恶性肿瘤共检出 86 例,检出率为 207.65/10 万,其中乳腺癌的检出率为 193.16/10 万;宫颈癌检出率为 9.66/10 万.自 2021 年上海市出台妇女常见病普查方法调整政策,乳腺癌及宫颈病变检出率明显提高(93.98/10 万比 322.10/10 万,0.09%比 0.42%,均P＜0.01).结论:乳腺癌、宫颈癌仍威胁着女性的健康,应加强落实普查实效.
Abstract
Objective:To describe the detection of common gynecological diseases among retired and difficult living women in Changning District,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of gynecological diseases.Methods:The census results of the common gynecological diseases survey for retired and difficult living women in Changning District,Shanghai from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed.The total number of people was 41 416,and the age was from 40 to 60 years old.The items of the screening included gynecological double/triple diagnosis,vaginal secretions,cervical cytology,vaginal ultrasound,breast ultrasound,and breast surgery examination.The original cervical scraping was adjusted to cervical liquid based thin-layer cytology(TCT)examination in 2021,and breast ultrasound examination was newly added.Results:The total number of screened individuals from 2019 to 2022 was 15 569 cases of illness,with an average detection rate of 37.59%.The top five common diseases in women were uterine fibroids,ovarian masses,cervical polyps,breast masses,and acute cervicitis.A total of 86 cases of malignant tumors were detected,with a detection rate of 207.65/100 000,among them the detection rate of breast cancer was 193.16/100 000;the detection rate of the cervical cancer was 9.66/100 000.The detection rate of breast cancer and cervical lesions increased significantly since 2021 Shanghai introduced policies to adjust the methods of screening common diseases in women(93.98/100 000 vs 322.10/100 000,0.09%vs 0.42%,P<0.01).Conclusion:Breast cancer and cervical cancer are still the threat to women's health,and the effectiveness of census should be strengthened.
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