An onium salt additive enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells
Non-radiative recombination caused by defects at grain boundaries hinders the improvement of the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).In this study,a bifunctional onium salt namely Pyridinium p-toluene sulfonate was added to the perovskite precur-sor solution.The defects of perovskite are passivated and the non-radiative recombination losses are reduced due to the sulfonic acid groups in PPTS molecules interact with Pb2+ and pyridine interact with I-.It also regulates the crystallization of perovskite films,which increases the grain size and improves the crystallinity.The open circuit voltage(VOC)of the PPTS-modified PSCs is increased from 1.03V to 1.07V,and the fill factor(FF)is increased from 75%to 78%.The resulting power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the so-lar cell is increased from 19.41%to 21.5%.
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