合规视角下数据要素的分类分级管理机制研究
A Research on the Hierarchical and Classified Management Mechanism of Data Elements under the Compliance Perspective
黄伟庆1
作者信息
- 1. 南京大学法学院;江苏省南京市玄武区检察院第六检察部
- 折叠
摘要
科学、合理的数据分级分类机制是进一步开展数据安全保护工作及数据市场要素流通的必要前提.然而,当前我国数据分类分级规范存在横向统一性规定缺失、具体标准失范、执行力度不足等问题.在数据的流转使用过程中,只有从数据的持有者、数据传播过程、市场规则机制、公共管理秩序四个维度,按照既定的数据类型和级别设定,并结合实际业务需求进行更为高效、完善而有区别的针对性保护,才能促进数据保护和要素市场安全.数据要素分类分级制度的规范化展开,应当在横向上进行数据要素分类分级管理的规范立法,授权专门的数据合规单位负责全国性整体统筹,由各地区、行业、单位根据各自领域和业务范围内的实践需求具体实施.同时,在责任分配机制上,按照行业自治、企业合规、行政监管、司法处罚四个向度确定责任主体;在模式上注重行业发展的阶段适应性,强化追责机制,实现法律责任、行业责任相统一,具体方法要求企业合规和业务考核相衔接.
Abstract
A scientific and reasonable data classification and grading mechanism is the necessary prerequisite for further carrying out data security protection work and the circulation of data market elements.However,there are currently issues in China's data classification and grading standards,such as a lack of horizontal uniformity,specific standards being out of standard,and insufficient enforcement.In the process of data circulation and use,data protection and factor market security can be promoted only through more efficient,comprehensive and differentiated targeted protection from the four dimensions of data holder,data dissemination process,market rules and mechanisms,and public management order,according to the established data type and level,and in combination with actual business needs.The standardization of the classification and grading system of data elements should be carried out in a horizontal way.Specialized data compliance units should be authorized to take charge of the overall planning of the whole country,and each region,industry and unit should implement it according to the practical needs in their respective fields and business scopes.At the same time,in terms of responsibility allocation mechanism,the responsible parties are determined based on four dimensions:industry autonomy,enterprise compliance,administrative supervision,and judicial punishment.In terms of mode,emphasis is placed on the adaptability of industry development stages,strengthening the accountability mechanism,and achieving the unity of legal liability and industry responsibility.And specific methods require the integration of enterprise compliance and business assessment.
关键词
数字经济/数据分类分级/数据管理/数据要素/数据安全Key words
digital economy/data classification and grading/data management/data element/data security引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据