The ironwood loom,also known as the iron machine,iron wheel machine,iron wheel loom,foot-treadle iron wheel machine,large machine,etc.,is composed of iron and wood.It is a transitional apparatus in the evolution of Chinese manual weaving machines to power-driven weaving machines.It is a special product developed under the background of industrial revitalization in the late Qing Dynasty in China.The ironwood loom is a significant part in the modern history of textile development in China both from the angle of time span and technical transformation.Through the study of the ironwood loom,on the one hand,we can intuitively visually trace the transition process from traditional manual weaving to power-driven weaving in modern China,master its working principle,and sort out the technical evolution route from the shuttle loom,foot-treadle shuttle,ironwood loom,ironwood jacquard loom to Toyota's second generation power loom.On the other hand,by researching its origin,we can explore the policy suggestions put forward by the government,enterprises and individuals,and have a full picture of the development of China's rural handicraft industry.This approach allows for a reconstruction of the entire process of establishing textile centers like Gaoyang and Weixian,as well as the implementation of the machine distribution system.Through literature researching and field surveying,this paper drew three major conclusions.First,from the aspect of the working principle of the ironwood loom,the advantage of the ironwood loom lies in its intricate mechanical structure that interconnects the five processes of shedding,picking,beating-up,rolling-up,and warp releasing.This integration enhanced both work efficiency and fabric quality.Simultaneously,it addressed the monopoly situation in the market by foreign yarns and fabrics at that time.It marked a solid step forward in the automation development of Chinese textile machinery.Second,in terms of the origin,the ironwood loom was invented in Japan in 1887 and brought back to Tianjin,China by a Chinese investigation group from Japan in 1903 rather than after 1918 or 1920,correcting the previous misperception.Third,as for the popularization of the ironwood loom,with the joint efforts of the government,advanced entrepreneurs and various sectors,a distinctive machine distribution policy was established for the ironwood loom,which made it develop rapidly in Gaoyang county and Wei county within a few decades,bringing about a transformation in the local economic structure.This shift transformed some areas originally dominated by agriculture into a production mode dominated by handicraft and supplemented by agriculture,laying a solid foundation for the scattered distribution of the center of gravity of China's textile industry later.
ironwood loomsto invest and develop the industryTianjinmodern textilesthe textile industry
万方数据
维普
