Research progress of photo-crosslinked silk fibroin 3D bioprinting ink
Based on the principle of additive manufacturing,the innovative technology,3D bioprinting,can realize the rapid prototyping of bionic functional tissues or artificial organs by accurately positioning and assembling bioinks containing biological materials and cell units,bringing unprecedented opportunities to the medical field.Its application prospect is very broad,and it is expected to solve many medical problems and benefit human health.In the complex process of 3D bioprinting,the choice of bio-ink materials is crucial.It is the key to meeting the strict requirements of bio-safety,fineness and stability of 3D bioprinted bionic structures.Silk fibroin stands out as a potential biological 3D printing material due to its high biocompatibility,controllable biodegradability and adjustable mechanical properties and many other excellent properties.It is obtained by dissolving silk and dialysis,and then products that meet the requirements of different applications,such as hydrogels,films and sponges are prepared through physical or chemical crosslinking.Among the many cross-linking methods,compared with conventional physical cross-linking,thermochemical cross-linking and bioenzyme-catalyzed cross-linking,photocrosslinked fibroin hydrogel technology shows unique advantages.The photocrosslinked fibroin hydrogel technology has the characteristics of fast reaction rate,and can complete the crosslinking process in a short time,which greatly improves the work efficiency.Its conditions are milder and less damaging to biological materials and cells,helping to maintain their biological activity.At the same time,the spatiotemporal controllability makes it possible to precisely control the position and time of the crosslinking,thus achieving more fine and complex structures.In addition,the advantage of fewer by-products also reduces the potential harm to the environment and organisms.In this paper,the optical crosslinking technology of silk fibroin materials is the main line to carry out in-depth research and discussion.Based on theological properties,the printing method suitable for photocrosslinked silk fibroin 3D printing was introduced.Through the in-depth analysis of the theological properties of materials,the printing parameters can be optimized and the printing precision and quality can be improved.From the perspective of photocrosslinking reactivity,the photosensitive modification method of fibroin and the photoinduced crosslinking mechanism of fibroin were discussed,which is of great significance for understanding and mastering the photocrosslinking process and further improving and optimizing the technology.From the perspective of biocompatibility,the development of irradiation light source and photoinitiator was introduced.Good biocompatibility is an important prerequisite for the application of biological materials in the medical field,and the selection of appropriate irradiation light source and photoinitiator can guarantee this characteristic.Finally,the application of silk fibroin and its composite inks with synthetic and natural polymer materials in the field of photocrosslinked bioprinting was summarized,and the challenges in the preparation,development and application of photocrosslinked silk protein bioprinting were discussed.
3D bioprintingsilk fibroinphoto-crosslinkingbioinkrheological properties
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