摘要
我国饲料原料供给链尚存结构性矛盾和人畜争粮等诸多弊端,着力开发和高效利用非常规饲料将成为当代养殖业健康可持续发展的研发重点.非常规饲料具有资源广、单一营养和生物活性成分高、饲料成本低等优势.同时,非常规饲料营养成分不平衡、用量限制、抗营养因子、适口性差和质量不稳定等限制因素也需要对应的技术手段攻克.文章综述了杂粕类、糟渣类、木本饲料、单细胞蛋白、动物源蛋白、谷物副产物、秸秆、中草药副产物和茶叶副产物等非常规功能型饲料的资源分布、营养特征、加工方式和应用实例.最后,探讨了建立非常规饲料资源利用与产业化的战略体系,展望了今后非常规饲料原料加工的创新技术,为加速解决我国粮油危机和多元化问题提供了新的角度.
Abstract
The current feed raw material supply chain in China still has structural problems and conflicts between human and animal food,and the development of efficient utilization of alternative feed will be the research focus for sustainable development of the livestock industry in the present era.Alternative feed has the advantages of wide resource distribution,high single nutrient and biological active component content,and low feed cost.However,the limiting factors such as unbalanced nutrient content,feeding restrictions,antinutrient factors,poor palatability,and unstable quality also require corresponding technical means to be overcome.This paper reviews the distribution of resources,nutritional characteristics,processing methods,and application examples of alternative functional feed such as by-products of legumes,distiller's grains,woody feed,single-cell protein,animal-source protein,by-products of grain processing,straw,herbal by-products,and tea by-products.Finally,the paper discusses the strategic system for establishing the utilization and industrialization of alter-native feed resources,and explores the innovative technologies for processing alternative feed raw materials in the future,providing a new perspective for accelerating the solution of China's grain and oil crisis and diversification problems.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据