羡余否定:词义驱动还是语用驱动?
Expletive negation:Lexically motivated or pragmatically motivated?
李明1
作者信息
摘要
本文在李明(2023)的基础上进一步讨论造成羡余否定现象的原因.确实存在纯粹由隐性否定动词的词义驱动的羡余否定,这类羡余否定多是由词义只引发-p(p代表补足语小句所表述的命题)而导致的偶发的口误.羡余否定关键是p和-p的冲突.一般来说,如果不是隐性否定动词,则-p不能引发出来,更谈不上p和-p构成冲突.所以,动词有隐性否定义,通常是羡余否定的必要条件.而p和-p构成冲突,大多是语用因素引发的;语用上有p和-p的冲突,是羡余否定的最关键要素.本文还提及了句法的调节作用,它可以使羡余否定变为真正的否定.
Abstract
Based on Li(2023),this paper further explores the motivations of exple-tive negation.Certainly,there exist cases of expletive negation triggered fully by the cov-ertly negative meaning of the main verb.However,expletive negation of this kind is most-ly lapsus linguae resulted from the fact that the main verb can induce only -p(p repre-senting the proposition stated by the complement clause).The contradiction between p and -p is the crucial factor for expletive negation.The lexical meaning of the main verb is generally a necessary condition for expletive negation;otherwise -p cannot be triggered,let alone the contradiction between p and -p.It is argued that the contradiction between p and -p is created in a majority of cases by pragmatic factors,and that pragmatically in-duced contradiction between p and -p is the most critical for the occurrence of expletive negation.In addition,syntax can play a role of adjustment,turning expletive negation into canonical negation.
关键词
羡余否定/词义驱动/语用驱动/隐性否定动词Key words
expletive negation/lexically motivated/pragmatically motivated/covertly negative verbs引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据