Objective:To explore the expression of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles in hippocampal tissue and prefron-tal cortex in a mouse model of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups:the control group and the PTSD group.The PTSD group used conditioned foot shock(CF)and single-sustained stress(SPS)to prepare an animal model of PTSD.Anxiety and depression responses of the mouse mod-el were detected by the open field experiment and elevated cross maze test.Memory and memory capacity tests were es-tablished by the darkness-avoidance experimental system.Morphological changes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cor-tex of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE),and the expression of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles was detected using Western Blot and immunohistochemical staining.Results:The PTSD mouse group showed decreased body mass,anxiety and depression-like behaviors,and decreased learning and memory abilities compared with the con-trol group(P<0.05).HE staining showed tissue damage in the hippocampal CA1 region and prefrontal cortex in PTSD mice compared with the control group.Western Blot and immunohistochemical staining showed that after 3 d of PTSD stimulation,hippocampal and prefrontal cortical NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles were activated(P<0.05).Conclusion:Increased expression of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of PTSD model mice.