首页|NASA公私合营技术开发模式研究——基于空间技术任务委员会(STMD)视角

NASA公私合营技术开发模式研究——基于空间技术任务委员会(STMD)视角

Research on Public-Private-Partnership Technology Development Model of NASA from the Perspective of the Space Technology Mission Directorate(STMD)

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发挥好企业创新主体作用和政府组织作用,有助于开展高效关键核心技术攻关.美国多个公共部门在重大科技项目上采用公私合营(PPP)模式,其中尤其以美国航空航天局(NASA)的模式最为著名,这种模式较大地提升了重大航天技术开发效能,同时带动了产业发展.本文以NASA下属负责新兴空间技术开发的空间技术任务委员会(STMD)为研究对象,分析该机构技术投资方向凝练机制和公私合营技术开发模式的运行机制,总结STMD主导的NASA公私合营技术开发模式的特征有:1)多线程技术开发任务遴选模式;2)任务决策与计划执行模块联动模式;3)公私合营技术开发模式差异化设置模式.最后从强化政企合作技术攻关的战略布局、优化政府部门重大科技任务的遴选模式、建立差异化的政企技术攻关计划组合三个方面提出我国改进政企合作的对策建议.
Utilizing the innovative capacity of enterprises and the organizational role of governments can greatly enhance China's efforts in achieving breakthroughs in key core technologies.A number of Public sectors in the United States have adopted the public-private Partnership(PPP)model in major scientific and technological projects,especially the most famous model of National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA),which has greatly improved the development efficiency of major space technologies and promoted industrial development.This paper takes the Space Technology Mission Directorate(STMD)of NASA as the research object,analyzes the mechanism of the organization's technology investment direction and the operation mechanism of the public-private partnership technology development mode,and summarizes the characteristics of the NASA public-private partnership technology development mode led by STMD,including:(1)Multi-thread technology development task selection mode(2)task decision and plan execution module linkage mode(3)Differentiated public-private partnership technology development plan setting,Finally,the paper puts forward the suggestions to improve the cooperation from three aspects:strengthening the strategic layout of government-enterprise cooperation technology research,optimizing the selection mode of major scientific and technological tasks of government departments,and establishing differentiated combination of government-enterprise technology research plans.

Public-Private-PartnershipKey Core TechnologyNational Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Space Technology Mission Directorate(STMD)

朱悦、周荣华

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上海市科学学研究所,上海 200031

公私合营模式 关键核心技术 美国航空航天局 空间技术任务委员会

2024

世界科技研究与发展
中国科学院院士工作局,中国工程院学部工作局,中国科学院综合计划局,中国科学院成都文献情报中心

世界科技研究与发展

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.193
ISSN:1006-6055
年,卷(期):2024.46(5)