物理方法在松材线虫病疫木处理中的应用
Application of Physical Methods to the Treatment of Pine Wilt Disease Infected Wood
王钱晴 1赵丽媛 1张建 2张凤毫 1江京辉1
作者信息
- 1. 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京 100091
- 2. 浙江省林业科学研究院,杭州 310023
- 折叠
摘要
松材线虫病被称为"松树癌症",是一种由松材线虫引起的毁灭性松树病害,目前是对我国森林危害最严重的林业检疫性有害生物.利用物理方法处理疫木对环境和生态系统影响较小,可减少松材资源浪费.文中主要介绍了阻隔防治和热处理2种物理处理松材线虫病疫木的方法.其中,阻隔防治包括液体成膜、网罩处理和伐桩覆膜3种方法,能够有效拦截松墨天牛的逃逸,进而阻止松材线虫的传播;热处理包括常规热处理、真空/蒸汽处理和电磁波处理3种方法,具有速度快、杀虫效率高、无残留,处理后的疫木可以安全利用,有利于充分发挥疫木价值等优点.未来发展趋势是进一步鼓励新装备与技术的使用,扩大物理处理方法的规模,加强学科间交叉研究,为松材线虫病疫木处理提供新思路.
Abstract
Pine wilt disease(PWD),known as the"pine cancer",is a fatal disease for pines caused by the pine wood nematode(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,PWN).It is the most serious forest pest in China.Physical treatment of trees infected with PWN has little impact on environment and ecosystem,and can reduce the waste of pine wood resources.This paper mainly expounds the 2 physical treatment methods against PWD,including barrier control and heat treatment.For barrier control,3 ways could be used including aqueous film forming,netting treatment,and stump sealing,which can effectively prevent Monochamus alternatus from escaping and thus stop the spread of the PWD.There are also 3 ways for the heat treatment,i.e.,conventional heat treatment,vacuum/steaming treatment,and electromagnetic wave treatment,which have the advantages of fastness,efficiency and no residues and enable the treated wood to be safe in use.It is pointed out that the future development will be focused on how to further encourage the use of new machinery and technology,scale up the application of physical treatment and strengthen the cross-cuttings between various disciplines.This would provide new ideas for future research on PWN infected wood treatment.
关键词
松材线虫病/疫木/阻隔防治/热处理Key words
pine wilt disease(PWD)/PWD-infected wood/barrier control/heat treatment引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所(2023SY03)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据