Cotton is one of China's important agricultural products,and also occupies an important position in the structure of foreign trade in modern times.Since ancient times,China has continued to improve production technology and expand the area of cotton cultivation,and in modern times the quality and output of cotton have seen a certain degree of progress.During the First World War,cotton trade between China and the United States booms,the reason for which is due to the lack of European market,the improvement of the market position of the United States,the decline of the competitiveness of other countries,and a large number of advanced bourgeois industrialists actively involved in the cotton industry.Of course,beyond the progress,there are still some deep-rooted problems,such as the inequality of trade relations between China and the United States and China's weak industrial structure.However,in general,China seizes the opportunity to actively participate in the international market during the WWI period,which contributes to the development of the country's trade,having a long-term impact on the development of China's internal national capitalist economy and the improvement of foreign trade.