Objective The purpose of this paper is to explore the essence of the shape and substance of Tri-Jiao, physiological and pathological, offering a reference for the further development of Traditional Chinese Medicine theory and its clinical application in the future. Methods By collating the views of the ancient and modern physicians and exploring the theory of Tri-Jiao, the characteristics of the location, shape and function of the Tri-Jiao is revealed. Results Ancient and modern physicians expressed their opinions on the controversy between "have appellation but no substance"and "have appellation and substance" of Tri-Jiao. This paper considers that the essence of Tri-Jiao is membrane and striae, which is a changeable substance. It is the hub of the motion of body fluid and health gas , and it has the effects of"run minister fire " and " transport nutrition and remove excretion ". Its pathological changes includes: membrane and striae, body fluid and Qi activity. They can influence each other and reciprocal causation. Conclusion It is important to discuss the theory of Tri-Jiao in depth and determine the essence of the shape and substance of Tri-Jiao for perfecting the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and guiding clinical practice.
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