Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of HFMD with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)is a common acute exanthematous infectious disease in children,characterized by maculopapular and vesicular rashes on the hands,feet,and buttocks,oral vesicles,ulcers,and sometimes accompanied by fe-ver.Most cases are mild,primarily manifesting as skin and mucosal symptoms,with a good prognosis.However,severe cases can affect multiple organs and systems,including the nervous and respiratory circulatory systems.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),HFMD falls under the categories of"warm diseases""epidemics""sores"and"vesicular diseases".It is classified as a Category C infectious disease in China and is one of the key diseases targeted for prevention and control in the Healthy Children Action Enhancement Plan(2021-2025)issued by the National Health Commission.For the treatment of HFMD at different sta-ges,it is of great significance to integrate TCM and Western medicine and to intervene early.This specialist group developed the guidelines through literature analysis,formulation of clinical questions,expert questionnaires using the Delphi method,and discus-sions among TCM and Western medicine experts based on the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hand,Foot,and Mouth Disease(2018 edition)and the Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for Pediatric Traditional Chinese Medicine:Hand,Foot,and Mouth Disease(Revised 2016 edition).The guidelines aim to standardize the integrated treatment of HFMD with TCM and Western medicine,fully utilizing the strengths of both approaches to effectively improve clinical outcomes in the treat-ment of HFMD.
Hand,foot,and mouth diseaseChildrenIntegrative therapy of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicineDiagnosis and treatment guidelinesEtiology and pathogenesisDiagnosisSyndrome differentiation and treatmentPrevention
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