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可双向钻土自升降式喷灌装置技术工程示范应用研究

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水资源短缺问题日趋严重,开展农田节水灌溉设施研究及应用日益重要.本研究将一种可双向钻土自升降式喷灌装置应用于农业蔬菜种植示范区.通过分析其喷头流量、喷洒半径、喷洒均匀性等性能参数随试验压力的变化规律,得出该装置的最佳运行压力为0.3 MPa;在此压力条件下,该装置实现了研究区域内土壤墒情由轻旱向适墒的转变,灌溉用水定额从3 200 m3/hm2下降到2 800 m3/hm2,水资源利用率提高了 10%以上,具有良好的节水效果;同时通过引进可双向钻土自升降式喷灌装置,对整个研究区域开展节水灌溉,将区域土壤有效控制在适墒范围,使得研究区域内年作物总产量增加了 43.4 t,估算经济产值增量高达34.73万元/年,取得了显著的经济效益.
Research on demonstration and application of the technical engineering for bidirectional drilling and self-lifting sprinkling irrigation device
The problem of water scarcity is becoming increasingly serious,and it is increasingly important to carry out re-search and application of water-saving irrigation facilities in farmland.This study applies a bidirectional soil drilling and self-lifting sprinkling irrigation device to agricultural vegetable planting demonstration areas,and it finalizes the optimal op-erating pressure for this device is 0.3 MPa by analyzing the variation of performance parameters such as nozzle flow rate,spraying radius,and spraying uniformity with experimental pressure.Under such pressure,the device realizes the transfor-mation of soil moisture from the mild to the moderate,and it plays a good water saving effect that the irrigation water quota decreases from 3 200 m3/hm2 to 2 800 m3/hm2.At the same time,through the introduction of bidirectional soil drilling and self-lifting sprinkling irrigation device,water-saving irrigation is carried out for the entire demonstration area,and the re-gional soil is effectively controlled within the range of suitable moisture.The total annual crop output in the demonstration area is increased by 43.4 t,and the economic output value increment isestimated as high as 347,300 yuan per year,see-ing a significant economic benefits.

bidirectional drillingself-lifting sprinkling irrigationengineering demonstrationoperating conditionswater saving effect

吴琼、王文冬

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北京市水务规划研究院,北京 100048

北京市水利规划设计研究院,北京 100048

可双向钻土 自升降式喷灌 工程示范 运行工况 节水效果

2024

水利发展研究
水利部发展研究中心

水利发展研究

影响因子:0.45
ISSN:1671-1408
年,卷(期):2024.24(6)