微胶囊聚磷酸铵聚氨酯硬泡阻燃性能研究
Study on the Flame Retardant Properties of Microcapsule Ammonium Polyphosphate Polyurethane Rigid Foam
王林元 1石雨丹 1王一帆1
作者信息
- 1. 西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都610500
- 折叠
摘要
硬质聚氨酯泡沫(PUR)具有优异的保温性能、防水性能以及化学稳定性,但由于其潜在的火灾危险性,严重影响了它的使用范围.通过添加阻燃剂改善PUR的阻燃性能得到了广泛的关注,但单一的阻燃剂对阻燃性能的提升较小.以密胺树脂和氢氧化铝分别作为包覆材料对聚磷酸铵(APP)进行包覆,得到三聚氰胺甲醛树脂微胶囊化APP (MF-APP)和氢氧化铝微胶囊化APP (ATH-APP).分别以MF-APP、ATH-APP以及未经包覆的APP作为白料,以多异氰酸酯为黑料,采用一步法制得全水发泡阻燃聚氨酯硬泡(RPUF).研究APP、MF-APP、ATH-APP的表面形态及三种阻燃剂对聚氨酯硬泡阻燃性、热稳定性的影响,并将结果进行对比.研究表明,添加的阻燃剂质量分数为25％时,聚氨酯硬泡的极限氧指数达到最大值,添加MF-APP的RPUF极限氧指数最大为26.3％,最终成炭量约为12％,相较于ATH-APP与APP的成炭量有所提高.实验证明三聚氰胺甲醛树脂包覆聚磷酸铵能有效提高阻燃聚氨酯硬泡的阻燃性能和成炭量,提高了阻燃聚氨酯硬泡的热稳定性.
Abstract
Rigid polyurethane foam (PUR) has excellent thermal insulation performance,waterproof performance and chemical stability,but its potential fire hazard limited the application range seriously.It has been paid much attention to improve the flame retardant performance of PUR by adding flame retardants,but a single flame retardant had a little effect on the flame retardancy.Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was organic-coated by melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) and aluminum hydroxide respectively,then melamine formaldehyde resin microcapsule APP (MF-APP) and A1 (OH)3 microencapsulate APP (ATH-APP) were obtained.By one-step water-blown mothod and with MF-APP,ATH-APP and untreated APP respectively and polysocyanates,flame-retardant polyurethane rigid foams (RPUF) were successfully fabricated.The article studied the surface morphology of APP,MF-APP and ATH-APP and the influence to the flame-retardant properties and thermal stability of RPUF.The results show that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of RPUF reaches the maximum when the content of flame retardant is 25wt％.The maximum LOI of RPUF with MFAPP is 26.3％,and the final carbon content is about 12％,higher than that of ATH-APP and APP.The experimental results support that MF-APP can effectively improve the flame-retardant properties and the char yield of RPUF,and the thermal stability.
关键词
聚磷酸铵/微胶囊化/阻燃聚氨酯硬泡/极限氧指数Key words
Ammonium Polyphosphate/Microcapsule/Flame-retardant Polyurethane Rigid Foams/Limiting Oxygen Index引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(51474187)
四川省安全监管局(四川煤监局)安全生产科技项目(scaqjgjc_stp_20150023)
出版年
2017
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据